| % of each group of children | Chi2 (df), with p value below | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | All asthma (N = 4017) | Asthma, aged 0-1 (N = 535) | Asthma, aged 2+ (N = 3482) | No asthma (N = 244595) | All asthma | Asthma aged 0-1 | Asthma aged 2+ |
Maternal asthma: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 92.0 | 91.0 | 92.2 | 97.6 | 495.6(1) | 96.2(1) | 409.1(1) |
Yes | 8.0 | 9.0 | 7.8 | 2.4 | 0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Year of birth: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
1970-1974 | 18.9 | 4.1 | 21.1 | 27.9 | 200.4(3) | 497.9 (3) | 94.1(3) |
1975-1979 | 21.7 | 7.7 | 23.8 | 22.7 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 |
1980-1984 | 28.4 | 23.2 | 29.2 | 24.2 | Â | Â | Â |
1985-1989 | 31.0 | 65.0 | 25.8 | 25.2 | Â | Â | Â |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Maternal age: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
14-24 | 37.3 | 38.5 | 37.1 | 34.8 | 11.8(2) | 4.0 (2) | 10.2(2) |
25-34 | 55.0 | 55.3 | 54.9 | 57.6 | 0.003 | 0.14 | 0.006 |
35-49 | 7.7 | 6.2 | 8.0 | 7.6 | Â | Â | Â |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Social class: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
I + II | 30.2 | 29.7 | 30.2 | 35.9 | 48.6(2) | 7.4(2) | 41.5(2) |
III | 48.2 | 48.1 | 48.2 | 45.5 | <0.0001 | 0.025 | 0.0001 |
IV + V | 21.6 | 22.2 | 21.6 | 18.6 | Â | Â | Â |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Marital status: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Married | 88.0 | 79.4 | 89.4 | 90.4 | 25.3(1) | 74.0(1) | 4.3(1) |
Not married | 12.0 | 20.6 | 10.6 | 9.6 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.04 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Parity of mother: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
0 | 40.5 | 35.5 | 41.2 | 42.0 | 14.0(4) | 24.2(4) | 4.65(4) |
1 | 35.4 | 35.3 | 35.3 | 35.9 | 0.007 | <0.0001 | 0.33 |
2 | 15.3 | 16.8 | 15.1 | 14.5 | Â | Â | Â |
3 | 5.9 | 8.6 | 5.5 | 4.9 | Â | Â | Â |
4+ | 2.9 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 2.7 | Â | Â | Â |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Maternal smoking: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 71.7 | 63.3 | 73.4 | 76.5 | 34.9(1) | 46.0(1) | 11.7(1) |
Yes | 28.3 | 36.7 | 26.6 | 23.5 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0006 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Gestational age (wks): | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
24-37 | 12.8 | 18.0 | 12.1 | 10.1 | 43.2(3) | 33.2 (2) | 13.3(2) |
38-41 | 77.4 | 70.7 | 78.3 | 80.4 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.001 |
42-47 | 9.8 | 11.3 | 9.6 | 9.5 | Â | Â | Â |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Birth weight: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
1000-2999 | 27.1 | 32.0 | 26.3 | 23.6 | 27.4(2) | 22.5 (2) | 16.1(2) |
3000-3999 | 64.4 | 61.8 | 64.8 | 67.9 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0003 |
4000-5499 | 8.5 | 6.2 | 8.9 | 8.5 | Â | Â | Â |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Caesarean delivery: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 91.0 | 89.8 | 91.2 | 92.6 | 14.1(1) | 5.7(1) | 9.7(1) |
Yes | 9.0 | 10.2 | 8.8 | 7.4 | 0.0002 | 0.02 | 0.002 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Forceps delivery: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 88.2 | 93.4 | 87.4 | 86.9 | 5.9(1) | 18.5(1) | 1.0(1) |
Yes | 11.8 | 6.6 | 12.6 | 13.1 | 0.01 | 0.0001 | 0.33 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Apgar 1: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
1-5 | 8.4 | 9.3 | 8.2 | 9.5 | 9.4(2) | 2.1(2) | 8.5(2) |
6-8 | 30.3 | 31.3 | 30.2 | 28.48 | 0.01 | 0.35 | 0.01 |
9-10 | 96.1 | 59.4 | 61.6 | 62.5 | Â | Â | Â |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Number of babies in birth delivery: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Singleton | 98.1 | 97.6 | 98.2 | 97.8 | 1.7(1) | 0.2(1) | 2.9(1) |
Multiple birth | 1.9 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 0.19 | 0.68 | 0.09 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Sex of baby: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Female | 32.4 | 30.1 | 38.5 | 48.8 | 205.9(1) | 74.6(1) | 145.5 |
Male | 67.4 | 69.9 | 61.5 | 51.2 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |
Breastfed or not: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Not breastfed | 32.6 | 41.6 | 30.9 | 30.2 | 8.1(1) | 29.7(1) | 0.6(1) |
Breastfed | 67.4 | 58.4 | 69.1 | 69.8 | 0.004 | 0.0001 | 0.46 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Â | Â | Â |