Breathlessness is associated with urinary incontinence in men: A community-based study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Table 3 Respiratory symptoms and risk of urinary incontinence

Respiratory symptom	Distribution	Crude odds ratio			Adjusted odds ratio¹
	n (%)	Odds ratio	95% CI	p	Odds ratio	95% CI	p
Breathlessness				0.027			0.025
No	455 (68.1%)	1			1
Yes	201 (30.1%)	1.94	(1.08, 3.50)		2.11	(1.10, 4.06)
Cough				0.043			0.137
No	551 (82.5%)	1			1
Yes	105 (15.7%)	2.00	(1.02, 3.92)		1.73	(0.84, 3.54)
Sputum				0.319			0.423
No	457 (68.4%)	1			1
Yes	199 (29.8%)	1.36	(0.74, 2.50)		1.31	(0.68, 2.51)

¹ adjusted for age, BMI, smoking and alcohol drinking status in logistic regression model
CI, confidence interval.

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