Figure 1

PDE4 inhibition suppresses alveolar inflammation at early stage fibrosis. Total cell number, number of macrophages, lymphocytes and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of healthy controls treated with vehicle ("saline") and in mice suffering from fibrosis and treated either with vehicle ("bleo+ctrl") or cilomilast ("bleo+cilo") at days 4 and 7 after bleomycin instillation. Values are presented as means ± SEM, n = 6. * saline vs. bleo+ctrl (*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001), † bleo+ctrl vs. bleo+cilo († p < 0.05, †† p < 0.01, ††† p < 0.001), # saline vs. bleo+cilo (# p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01).