Skip to main content

Table 18 Meta-analyses of risk of lung cancer by use of mentholated cigarettes

From: Systematic review of the epidemiological evidence comparing lung cancer risk in smokers of mentholated and unmentholated cigarettes

 

Number of

Estimates

RR (95% CI)

  

Heterogeneity χ2(df), p

  

Fixed-effect

 

Random-effects

 

In ever smokers (or current smokers if not available)

     

Overall

8

0.93 (0.84-1.02)

 

0.93 (0.84-1.02)

4.43 (7), 0.73

Study design

     

- prospective

2

1.04 (0.85-1.26)

 

1.04 (0.85-1.26)

0.38 (1), 0.54

- hospital case-control

3

0.89 (0.78-1.00)

 

0.89 (0.78-1.00)

0.73 (2), 0.69

- population case-control

3

0.92 (0.76-1.13)

 

0.92 (0.76-1.13)

1.54 (2), 0.46

NOS study quality score

     

- 7 to 9

3

1.03 (0.87-1.22)

 

1.03 (0.87-1.22)

0.41 (2), 0.84

- 5 to 6

5

0.88 (0.79-0.99)

 

0.88 (0.79-0.99)

1.94 (4), 0.75

Study size

     

- < 125 casesa

4

0.99 (0.85-1.15)

 

0.99 (0.85-1.15)

1.52 (3), 0.68

- 125+ cases

4

0.89 (0.79-1.00)

 

0.89 (0.79-1.00)

1.59 (3), 0.66

Year of publication

     

- 1991 to 2000

3

1.00 (0.86-1.15)

 

1.00 (0.86-1.15)

0.81 (2), 0.67

- 2001 to 2008

5

0.88 (0.77-0.99)

 

0.88 (0.77-0.99)

1.82 (4), 0.77

Avoiding possible overlapb

6

0.93 (0.83-1.04)

 

0.93 (0.83-1.04)

4.31 (5), 0.51

Males

5

1.01 (0.88-1.15)

 

1.01 (0.84-1.22)

7.62 (4), 0.11

Females

5

0.80 (0.67-0.95)

 

0.80 (0.67-0.95)

3.25 (4), 0.52

White people

4

0.87 (0.75-1.03)

 

0.87 (0.75-1.03)

2.98 (3), 0.40

Black people

4

0.90 (0.73-1.10)

 

0.90 (0.73-1.10)

1.30 (3), 0.73

In current smokers (or ever smokers if not available)

     

Overall

8

0.92 (0.84-1.02)

 

0.92 (0.84-1.02)

5.70 (7), 0.58

Black people

4

0.88 (0.70-1.10)

 

0.88 (0.70-1.10)

2.44 (3), 0.49

In ever smokers specifically

     

Overall

4

0.91 (0.78-1.07)

 

0.91 (0.78-1.07)

1.60 (3), 0.66

In current smokers specifically

     

Overall

5

0.91 (0.82-1.02)

 

0.91 (0.81-1.03)

4.76 (4), 0.31

In former smokers specifically

     

Total

1

0.99 (0.62-1.56)

 

0.99 (0.62-1.56)

-

  1. a Lung cancer cases in mentholated cigarette smokers.
  2. b Excluding first American Health Foundation Study and Slone Epidemiology Center study.
Back to article page

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

ISSN: 1471-2466

Contact us