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Table 4 Risk factors for being diagnosed with TB in HIV infected patients in Denmark

From: Incidence, risk factors and mortality of tuberculosis in Danish HIV patients 1995-2007

Risk factor

 

Unadjusted analysis

 

Adjusted analysis

 
  

Incidence rate ratio

(95% CI*)

p-value

Incidence rate ratio

(95% CI*)

p-value

Male gender

 

2.1 (1.5-3.0)

< 0.001

1.0 (0.6-1.5)

0.925

Age < 40 years

 

1.5 (1.0-2.3)

0.036

0.9 (0.6-1.4)

0.603

Year of HIV

1995-1996

1.0

  

1.0

Diagnosis

1997-1999

1.1 (0.6-1.9)

0.793

1.0 (0.6-1.6)

0.937

 

2000-2007

1.0 (0.6-1.7)

0.896

0.9 (0.5-1.6)

0.684

Country of birth

Denmark

1.0

 

1.0

 
 

Europe

1.0 (0.4-2.9)

0.955

1.2 (0.4-3.4)

0.709

 

Africa

4.7 (3.1-7.0)

< 0.001

4.3 (2.6-7.3)

< 0.001

 

Asia

5.9 (3.5-9.8)

< 0.001

5.7 (3.2-10.1)

< 0.001

 

Other

2.0 (0.7-5.7)

0.173

1.3 (0.5-3.9)

0.586

Route of

Homosexual

1.0

 

1.0

 

Transmission

Heterosexual

3.9 (2.3-6.5)

< 0.001

1.9 (1.0-3.5)

0.048

 

IDU

4.2 (2.1-8.4)

< 0.001

3.0 (1.5-6.2)

0.003

 

Other

4.6 (2.3-9.1)

< 0.001

2.4 (1.2-4.9)

0.020

Viral load at HIV diagnosis, log10 copies/mL**

> 5.0

1.4 (0.8-2.2)

0.223

1.12 (0.8-1.6)

0.500

CD4 cell count at HIV diagnosis, cells/μL***

≤ 200

3.8 (2.4-6.0)

< 0.001

1.6 (1.1-2.2)

0.005

Diagnosed with alcohol abuse

 

1.3 (0.6-2.7)

0.447

1.9 (0.9-4.0)

0.106

Start of HAART (time-updated)

 

0.04 (0.03 - 0.07)

< 0.001

0.05 (0.03-0.08)

< 0.001

  1. * CI: Confidence Interval.
  2. ** 673 patients has missing viral load at time of HIV diagnosis.
  3. *** 532 patients had missing CD4 cell count at time of HIV diagnosis.