Antibiotic consumption in children prior to diagnosis of asthma

Marra, Fawziah; Marra, Carlo A; Richardson, Kathryn; Lynd, Larry D; FitzGerald, Mark J

doi:10.1186/1471-2466-11-32

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Table 2 Multivariable rate ratios of antibiotic dispensing in six months prior to the index date

From: Antibiotic consumption in children prior to diagnosis of asthma

Confounder	n	%	Rate of ABX per 100 PY (6 months prior to diagnosis)	RR	95% CI	p
Age at asthma diagnosis
2	6,254	33.2	209.9	1.00		<.0001
3	4,810	25.5	185.5	1.03	0.98 - 1.07
4	3,316	17.6	164.4	1.00	0.95 - 1.05
5	2,338	12.4	171.9	1.10	1.04 - 1.17
6	1,272	6.7	153.9	1.03	0.96 - 1.12
7-8	874	4.6	117.4	0.89	0.81 - 0.99
Year of asthma diagnosis
1999	475	2.5	226.9	1.00		<.0001
2000	1,484	7.9	207.8	0.98	0.88 - 1.09
2001	2,165	11.5	206.0	1.03	0.93 - 1.14
2002	2,924	15.5	178.0	0.95	0.86 - 1.06
2003	3,494	18.5	180.4	0.97	0.88 - 1.07
2004	4,351	23.1	174.2	0.98	0.89 - 1.08
2005	3,971	21.1	171.3	1.05	0.95 - 1.16
Season of asthma diagnosis
Winter	5,085	27.0	179.9	1.00		<.0001
Spring	5,140	27.2	217.8	1.24	1.19 - 1.30
Summer	3,142	16.7	194.9	1.13	1.07 - 1.18
Fall	5,156	27.3	150.6	0.85	0.81 - 0.89
Antibiotic exposure in first year
No	8,542	45.3	145.6	1.00		<.0001
Yes	10,322	54.7	213.8	1.26	1.22 - 1.30
Gender
Female	7,762	41.2	181.0	1.00		0.38
Male	11,102	58.9	184.3	0.99	0.95 - 1.02
Allergist/respirologist/immunologist visit (in last year)
No	18,487	98.0	182.7	1.00		0.008
Yes	377	2.0	196.7	0.85	0.75 - 0.96
Congenital anomalies (in first year)
No	16,943	89.8	182.0	1.00		0.006
Yes	1,921	10.2	190.9	0.93	0.88 - 0.98
SES in the year before diagnosis (quintiles of whole population)*
First quintile	4,357	23.1	201.6	1.00		0.004
Second quintile	4,074	21.6	189.8	0.98	0.94 - 1.03
Third quintile	3,744	19.9	185.4	0.98	0.93 - 1.03
Fourth quintile	3,290	17.4	170.0	0.95	0.90 - 1.00
Fifth quintile	2,744	14.6	157.9	0.91	0.86 - 0.96
Unknown	655	3.5	171.3	1.05	0.96 - 1.15
Physician visits in last year
0-2	2,838	15.0	44.3	1.00		<.0001
3-4	3,147	16.7	92.5	2.07	1.87 - 2.29
5-9	4,626	24.5	147.3	3.31	3.02 - 3.62
10-12	4,308	22.8	220.7	4.91	4.49 - 5.37
>12	3,945	20.9	355.3	7.79	7.13 - 8.51
Birth weight (kg)						0.92
< 1.5	177	0.9	185.3	1.00
1.5 - 2.5	923	4.9	195.2	1.01	0.85 - 1.21
2.5 - 3.5	9,593	50.9	185.6	1.01	0.86 - 1.19
3.5 - 4.5	7,748	41.1	179.0	1.03	0.87 - 1.22
> 4.5	401	2.1	169.6	1.01	0.83 - 1.23
Unknown	22	0.1	127.3	0.93	0.52 - 1.66

Abbreviations: ABX - antibiotics; PY - person years; RR - rate ratio
* Socioeconomic status by neighbourhood income quintiles - the fifth is the highest income quintile and the first is the lowest income quintile.

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ISSN: 1471-2466

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