Table 1 Patients, investigations, follow-up and treatments characteristics
N = 2494 | Mean ± SD or% |
|---|---|
Age (years) | 67.0 ± 10.6 |
Male (%) | 78% |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.84 ± 5.17 |
Smokers / ex-smokers | 25.6% / 62.4% |
Chronic bronchitis without airflow obstruction / COPD | 23.7% / 76.3% |
(GOLD stage): 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 | 2.9% / 29.7% / 26.1% / 17.6% / |
FEV1 (L/sec) | 53.1 ± 19.6 |
Duration of chronic bronchitis / COPD (years) | 8.0 ± 7.8 |
Chronic cough / sputum production | 70.5% / 72.2% |
Chronic cough with sputum production by GOLD stage in COPD patients: GOLD 1/2/3/4 | 62.0% / 71.9% / 72.4% / 76.4% |
Modified Medical Research Council dyspnea grade: 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 | 14.2% / 30.3% / 30.5% / 16.2% / 6.1% |
At least one exacerbation during the last 12 months | 86.3% |
Number of exacerbations per year | |
-Mild / moderate (oral corticosteroids or antibiotics) | 1.4 ± 2.3 / 1.6 ± 1.7 |
-Severe (hospitalization) / very severe (intensive care unit) | 0.3 ± 0.8 / 0.0 ± 0.2 |
Comorbidities | |
-CHD / CHF / RVF | 14.9% / 6.5% / 7.2% |
-Asthma / bronchiectasis / sleep apnea syndrome | 11.9% / 6.3% / 8.6% |
-Depression | 7.9% |
Investigations and follow-up during the past 12 months | |
-Arterial blood gases / EKG | 70.0% / 68.8% |
-CT-scan / echocardiography | 61.6% / 50.6% |
-Sleep oximetry / polysomnography | 23.2% / 15.4% |
-6MWT | 27.9% |
Visits to respiratory physicians / GPs | 2.6 ± 1.7 / 6.7 ± 4.1 |
Treatments | |
-ICS / Fixed ICS + LABA combinations | 22.8% / 51.5% |
-SABA / SABA + SAMA | 34.9% / 29.9% |
-LABA / LAMA | 26.6% / 17.0% |
-Theophylline / oral corticosteroids | 8.3% / 4.5% |
-LTOT / LTNIV | 16.6% / 4.8% |
-Influenza / pneumococcal vaccines | 81.2% / 58.2% |
-Rehabilitation during the last 2 years | 26.9% |