Detection of air trapping in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by low frequency ultrasound

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Table 1 Characteristics of healthy and COPD subjects classified by GOLD stage I-III*

Characteristic	Healthy (n = 9)	GOLD 1 (n = 6)	GOLD 2 (n = 4)	GOLD 3 (n = 7)
age-yr	38.33 ± 9.72	52.83 ± 10.68	60.25 ± 9.50	59.14 ± 5.08
height-m	1.78 ± 0.06	1.78 ± 0.05	1.75 ± 0.09	1.75 ± 0.05
weight-kg	75.89 ± 11.20	81.50 ± 12.60	79.50 ± 14.27	77.29 ± 9.27
BMI-kg/m²	23.94 ± 3.07	25.62 ± 3.59	25.73 ± 2.36	25.33 ± 2.50
FEV₁ - % pred. pre	101.97 ± 9.36	82.55 ± 11.73	60.75 ± 4.40	31.94 ± 3.02
FEV₁/FVC-% pre	75.99 ± 2.80	56.98 ± 5.89	47.43 ± 7.06	28.78 ± 4.83
R-kPa · s/l	0.18 ± 0.07	0.24 ± 0.07	0.34 ± 0.16	0.76 ± 0.31
ITGV-l	3.38 ± 0.56	4.93 ± 0.49	4.65 ± 0.46	6.23 ± 0.44
ITGV-% pred.	100.68 ± 13.31	139.12 ± 14.87	131.28 ± 16.49	176.70 ± 14.37
RV-l	1.84 ± 0.16	3.24 ± 0.56	3.32 ± 0.41	4.75 ± 0.62
RV-% pred.	96.16 ± 11.37	142.3 ± 15.22	139.15 ± 16.48	201.59 ± 26.75
FEV₁ - % pred. post	103.76 ± 9.37	89.47 ± 9.77	72.53 ± 3.40	37.54 ± 6.00
FEV₁/FVC-% post	77.53 ± 2.64	60.45 ± 5.04	52.06 ± 7.54	29.32 ± 6.03

* Plus-minus values are means ± SD. FEV₁ and FEV₁/FVC values are listed before (prae) and after (post) application of salbutamol. There were significant differences in age among healthy subjects and the three COPD groups, as assessed with the use of one-way ANOVA and Dunnett's post-hoc test (GOLD 1: p < 0.01, GOLD 2/GOLD3: p < 0.0001). In lung function testing, FEV₁, FEV₁/FVC, ITGV and RV were significantly different (p < 0.0001) between healthy and COPD subjects. Airway resistance (R) was significantly different between healthy subjects and GOLD 3 (p < 0.0001).

ISSN: 1471-2466