From: The association between asthma control, health care costs, and quality of life in France and Spain
Country | France | Spain | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
EQ-5D-3L® 3L utility score | Estimated Value | CI 95% | Estimated Value | CI 95% | |
Level of control measured with GINA | Partially controlled (vs. controlled) | −0.093* | [-0.128 ; -0.058] | −0.042* | [-0.068 ; -0.017] |
Uncontrolled (vs. controlled) | −0.220* | [-0.263 ; -0.177] | −0.158* | [-0.186 ; -0.129] | |
Gender | Men vs. women | 0.056* | [0.019 ; 0.081] | 0.052* | [0.032 ; 0.072] |
Age | 45-64 years (vs. ≥ 18-44years) | −0.071* | [-0.105 ; -0.036] | −0.101* | [-0.123 ; -0.078] |
≥ 65 years (vs. ≥ 18-44years) | −0.131* | [-0.171 ; -0.091] | −0.175* | [-0.202 ; -0.148] | |
Presence of exacerbation | Yes (vs. None) | −0.011 | [-0.044 ; 0.024] | −0.005 | [-0.028 ; 0.017] |
Patient with at least one co-morbidity | Yes (vs. None) | −0.019 | [-0.053 ; 0.014] | −0.028* | [-0.051 ; -0.004] |
Controller treatment | Yes (vs. None) | −0.025 | [-0.056 ; 0.006] | 0.009 | [-0.012 ; 0.032] |
Patient followed by a lung specialist | Yes (vs. None) | −0.016 | [-0.046 ; 0.015] | −0.037* | [-0.059 ; -0.014] |
VAS Score | Estimated Value | CI 95% | Estimated Value | CI 95% | |
Level of control measured with GINA | Partially controlled (vs. controlled) | −5.777* | [-8.331 ; -3.223] | −2.762* | [-4.850 ; -0.675] |
Uncontrolled (vs. controlled) | −16.758* | [-19.959 ; -13.556] | −13.255* | [-15.609 ; -10.901] | |
Gender | Men vs. women | 3.456* | [1.198 ; 5.714] | 2.232* | [0.577 ; 3.887] |
Age | 45-64 years(vs. ≥ 18-44years) | −5.966* | [-8.480 ; -3.453] | −8.492* | [-10.359 ; -6.625] |
≥ 65 years (vs. ≥ 18-44years) | −11.179* | [-14.140 ; -8.218] | −12.258* | [-14.507 ; -10.008] | |
Presence of exacerbation | Yes (vs. None) | −2.542* | [-5.077 ; -0.007] | −2.967* | [-4.872 ; -1.063] |
Patient with at least one co-morbidity | Yes (vs. None) | −3.283* | [-5.735 ; -0.831] | 0.092 | [-1.842 ; 2.027] |
Controller treatment | Yes (vs. None) | −0.749 | [-3.037 ; 1.539] | 1.788 | [-0.064 ; 3.642] |
Patient followed by a lung specialist | Yes (vs. None) | −1.721 | [-3.955 ; 0.513] | −3.085* | [-4.981 ; -1.188] |