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Table 2 Changes in peak incremental exercise parameters after pulmonary rehabilitation with ghrelin or placebo

From: Effects of Ghrelin Treatment on Exercise Capacity in Underweight COPD Patients: a substudy of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ghrelin treatment

  Ghrelin, n = 10 Placebo, n = 10 Treatment effect (95% CI; p value†)
  Pre-treatment Mean D. Pre-treatment Mean D.  
V • o 2 mL / kg / min 13.3 (3.7) 1.4 (0.8)*** 13.4 (3.2) 0.2 (1.3) 1.2 (0.2 to 2.3; 0.025)
V • o 2 mL / min 640.3 (212.5) 69.4 (45.9) 616.8 (138.8) 8.9 (59.7) 60.5 (10.5 to 110.5; 0.020)
Endurance time (s) 389 (157) 48 (96) 372 (131) 59 (60)* -12 (-87 to 63; 0.749)
Dyspnea (Borg) 7.4 (1.5) -0.5 (1.3) 7.2 (1.6) -0.9 (1.8) 0.4 (-1.1 to 1.9; 0.572)
Leg discomfort (Borg) 5.5 (2.7) -0.8 (1.8) 6.3 (2.5) -0.6 (1.7) -0.2 (-1.9 to 1.5; 0.803)
VT (L) 0.97 (0.17) 0.10 (0.08)** 1.05 (0.12) 0.07 (0.23) 0.03 (-0.13 to 0.19; 0.694)
f (breaths/min) 34 (7) -2 (3) 28 (5) -1 (6) -1 (-5 to 4; 0.802)
V • E L / min 31.9 (6.0) 1.5 (2.7) 29.2 (6.4) 0.5 (2.2) 1.0 (-1.3 to 3.3; 0.389)
VD/VT 0.39 (0.06) -0.04 (0.04)* 0.36 (0.05) 0.00 (0.04) -0.04 (-0.08 to -0.00; 0.041)
V • E / V • o 2 52.5 (12.7) -3.7 (3.7)* 48.0 (7.2) 0.5 (4.2) -4.2 (-7.9 to -0.5; 0.030)
V • E / V • c o 2 51.0 (13.6) -3.8 (3.9)* 45.3 (7.5) 0.4 (4.6) -4.1 (-8.2 to -0.1; 0.045)
Pao2 (mmHg) 64.4 (16.0) -0.5 (4.2) 66.1 (11.9) -2.2 (5.4) 1.7 (-2.9 to 6.2; 0.454)
Paco2 (mmHg) 42.7 (7.0) -0.3 (2.3) 42.4 (4.2) 0.7 (3.0) -0.9 (-3.4 to 1.6; 0.453)
HR (beats/min) 118 (14) 2 (8) 113 (13) 7 (7)* -6 (-13 to 2; 0.115)
V • o 2 / HR mL / beats 5.4 (1.5) 0.5 (0.5)* 5.5 (1.1) -0.2 (0.5) 0.7 (0.3 to 1.2; 0.003)
Plasma LT (mg/dL) 32.3 (11.8) 3.3 (7.6) 35.0 (14.5) 2.5 (9.8) 0.9 (-7.4 to 9.1; 0.824)
Plasma NE (ng/mL) 2.45 (1.70) -0.08 (1.29) 2.65 (1.80) -0.11 (0.84) 0.03 (-0.99 to 1.06; 0.945)
  1. Data are presented as means (SD) unless otherwise indicated. D Difference from pre-treatment, f breathing frequency, HR Heart Rate, LT Plasma Lactate level, NE Plasma norepinephrine level, Paco 2 Arterial carbon dioxide tension, Pao 2 Arterial oxygen tension, Treatment effect, Mean difference (ghrelin minus placebo), V D /V T physiologic dead space/tidal volume ratio, V • E Minute ventilation, V • o 2 oxygen uptake, V T Tidal volume. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001: change between pre-treatment and post-treatment (within-group difference) by paired t-test. † change between pre-treatment and post-treatment (treatment effect) by unpaired t-test.
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