Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the asthma patients who had visited emergency clinic at least once during the follow-up compared to those who had not
From: Long-term smoking increases the need for acute care among asthma patients: a case control study
Emergency visit | Emergency visit | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Clinical characteristics | Yes | No | p-value 1 |
N of patients | 117 | 227 | |
Proportion of women | 65.8% | 75.3% | 0.06 |
Age at diagnosis (mean ± SD) | 42.6 ± 16.2 | 43.7 ± 17.1 | not significant |
Age at recruitment (mean ± SD) | 58.5 ± 11.8 | 54.7 ± 12.6 | 0.006 |
Duration of asthma, years (mean ± SD) | 15.7 ± 14.3 | 11.1 ± 12.0 | 0.001 |
BMI (mean ± SD) | 26.8 ± 5.5 | 26.5 ± 5.6 | not significant |
Smoking status (%) | |||
never | 47.3% | 68.9% | 0.001(trend) |
ex smoker | 38.2% | 27.1% | |
current smoker | 14.5% | 4.0% | |
Pack years (mean ± SD) | 13.2 ± 19.7 | 8.4 ± 17.4 | 0.02 |
COPD as second diagnosis (%) | 23.1% | 8.4% | <0.001 |
Baseline FEV1 percentage of expected (mean ± SD) | 75.3 ± 21.1 | 86.6 ± 17.2 | <0.001 |
Baseline FVC percentage of expected (mean ± SD) | 82.9 ± 17.2 | 91.3 ± 14.6 | <0.001 |
Baseline PEF percentage of expected (mean ± SD) | 80.7 ± 20.3 | 94.0 ± 19.6 | <0.001 |
Baseline FEV1/FVC ratio (mean ± SD) | 73.4 ± 11.8 | 77.9 ± 10.5 | 0.001 |
HRQoL score (mean ± SD) | 8.9 ± 4.7 | 6.3 ± 4.5 | <0.001 |
Proportion (%)of patients with | |||
no co-morbidities | 59.8 | 71.8 | 0.06 |
1 co-morbidity | 33.3 | 23.3 | |
≥2 co-morbidities | 6.8 | 4.8 | |
Proportion (%) of patients with co-existing | |||
Cardiovascular disease 2 | 16.2 | 9.3 | 0.06 |
Psychiatric disorder 3 | 21.4 | 16.3 | not significant |
Diabetes | 3.4 | 5.7 | not significant |
Alcohol abuse | 7.0 | 4.0 | not significant |
Chronic sinusitis | 16.1 | 8.5 | 0.04 |
Allergic rhinitis | 39.3 | 35.1 | not significant |
Allergic exzema | 19.3 | 20.9 | not significant |
ASA intolerance | 10.4 | 6.6 | not significant |
Nasal polyposis | 10.3 | 8.0 | not significant |