Table 2 Adjusted odds ratios of all-cause in-hospital mortality in patients with COPD who required emergency hospitalization

Age (yr)

40–49

Reference

50–59

1.64

1.07–2.50

0.022

60–69

1.70

1.14–2.54

0.009

70–79

2.15

1.45–3.19

<0.001

80–89

2.53

1.70–3.75

<0.001

90–99

2.67

1.79–3.98

<0.001

>100

2.50

1.37–4.58

0.003

Sex

Male

Reference

Female

0.63

0.59–0.68

<0.001

BMI

<18.5

1.56

1.48–1.65

<0.001

18.5–22.9

Reference

23.0–24.9

0.73

0.67–0.81

<0.001

25.0–29.9

0.76

0.68–0.84

<0.001

>30.0

0.69

0.52–0.92

<0.001

Dyspnea grade

I

Reference

II

1.25

1.03–1.53

0.027

III

1.50

1.23–1.82

<0.001

IV

2.02

1.69–2.41

<0.001

V

5.36

4.47–6.42

<0.001

Unspecified

5.77

4.76–6.99

<0.001

Consciousness level

Alert

Reference

Dull

1.30

1.20–1.40

<0.001

Somnolence

1.64

1.46–1.84

<0.001

Coma

2.98

2.62–3.39

<0.001

ADL score by Barthel Index

100

Reference

75–95

1.07

0.96–1.19

0.251

50–70

1.38

1.25–1.51

<0.001

25–45

1.94

1.76–2.15

<0.001

0–20

3.06

2.78–3.37

<0.001

Pneumonia caused by microbes

Yes

1.18

1.11–1.47

<0.001

No

Reference

Aspiration pneumonia

Yes

1.35

1.24–1.47

<0.001

No

Reference

Interstitial pneumonitis

Yes

2.86

2.66–3.07

<0.001

No

Reference

Pulmonary embolism

Yes

1.53

1.15–2.04

0.004

No

Reference

Respiratory failure

Yes

1.32

1.24–1.47

<0.001

No

Reference

Lung cancer

Yes

4.14

3.79–4.51

<0.001

No

Reference

Heart failure

Yes

1.31

1.23–1.40

<0.001

No

Reference

Cerebrovascular diseases

Yes

1.17

1.01–1.34

0.032

No

Reference

Liver cirrhosis

Yes

1.99

1.48–2.67

<0.001

No

Reference

Chronic renal failure

Yes

1.75

1.52–2.01

<0.001

No

Reference