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Table 1 COPD characteristics and comorbidity definitions

From: Non-emphysematous chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with diabetes mellitus

Characteristic or comorbidity

Definition

COPDGene reference, if applicable

Asthma-COPD overlap

Self-report of physician diagnosis of asthma before age 40

Hardin 2011 [29]

Hypoxemia

Resting oxygen saturation ≤88%

Kim 2011 [30]

Frequent exacerbator

2 or more exacerbations requiring antibiotics and/or systemic steroids in the year prior to enrollment

Han 2011 [33]

Severe, early-onset COPD

Age < 55 years, FEV1 < 50% predicted

Foreman 2011 [34]

Poor exercise capacity

6-minute walk distance <500 feet

Rambod 2012 [32]

Bronchodilator response

Increase in FEV1 200 ml and 12% from baseline

 

Pink puffer

Emphysema > 10%, BMI ≤ 20, O2 sat ≥ 90%

 

Blue bloater

Chronic bronchitis, BMI > 25, O2 sat < 90%

 

Chronic bronchitis

Chronic cough and phlegm for ≥3 mo/yr for at least 2 consecutive years

Kim 2011 [31]

Chronic prednisone use

Self-report

Swift 2012 [35]

Cardiovascular disease

Self-report of heart attack, coronary artery disease, angina, angioplasty, coronary artery bypass graft, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, transient ischemic attack or stroke

Black-Shinn 2014 [36]

Coronary disease

Self-report of heart attack, coronary artery disease, angina, angioplasty, or coronary artery bypass graft

 

Congestive heart failure

Self-report

 

Peripheral vascular disease

Self-report

 

Cerebrovascular disease

Self-report of transient ischemic attack or stroke

 

Sleep apnea

Self-report

 

Diabetes mellitus

Self-report

Kinney 2014 [37]

Metabolic syndrome

3 of 4: BMI > 30 (measured), diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and high cholesterol (all self-report)

 

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Self-report

 

Peptic ulcer disease

Self-report

 

Osteoporosis

Self-report

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