Skip to main content

Table 3 Bivariate and multivariate determinants of COPD-related healthcare use

From: Patterns and determinants of COPD-related healthcare utilization by severity of airway obstruction in Korea

Variables

COPD-related healthcare utilization

   
 

User

Non-user

   
 

No. (%)

No. (%)

   
 

244 (27.2)

653 (72.8)

OR

95% CI

Pvalue

Age (yr)

     

  40 ~ 59

50 (19.2)

211 (80.8)

1.00

  

  ≥60

194 (30.5)

442 (69.5)

1.56

1.03 - 2.36

0.04

Sex

     

  Female

74 (27.5)

195 (72.5)

1.00

  

  Male

170 (27.1)

458 (72.9)

1.13

0.71 - 1.77

0.61

Smoking status

     

  Never

75 (25.7)

217 (74.3)

1.00

  

  Former

82 (27.4)

217 (72.6)

1.04

0.63 - 1.70

0.89

  Current §

87 (28.9)

214 (71.1)

1.32

0.82 - 2.13

0.26

Residential area

     

  Urban

138 (25.9)

394 (74.1)

1.00

  

  Rural

106 (29.0)

259 (71.0)

1.07

0.78 - 1.48

0.68

Household income

     

 ≥Lower quartile

129 (23.5)

421 (76.6)

1.00

  

 <Lower quartile

115 (33.1)

232 (66.9)

1.32

0.94 - 1.85

0.10

Severity of airway obstruction

    

  Mild

74 (20.3)

291 (79.7)

1.00

  

  Moderate

128 (27.2)

342 (72.8)

1.54

1.10 - 2.15

0.01

  Severe¶

42 (67.7)

20 (32.3)

6.68

3.60 - 12.38

<0.01

No. of co-morbidities

    

  0

107 (22.4)

370 (77.6)

1.00

  

  ≥1

137 (32.6)

283 (67.4)

1.44

1.03 - 2.01

0.03

Self-reported physician diagnosis of COPD

   

  No

224 (25.8)

646 (74.3)

1.00

  

  Yes

20 (74.1)

7 (25.9)

5.30

2.08 - 13.54

<0.01

  1. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval. § Comparison with never smoker; ¶ Comparison with mild airway obstruction.