Prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms in rural and urban school-aged children from Oropeza Province - Bolivia: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Prevalence, unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios comparing self-reported asthma, rhinitis and eczema in school aged children from rural and urban areas

	Urban		Rural		Crude OR	Adj. OR
	n	%	n	%	95% CI^b	95% CI^b,c
ASTHMA SYMPTOMS
Written questionnaire (N = 2340)
Wheeze (ever)	470	27.4	214	34.9	0.7 (0.4-1.9)	0.7 (0.4-1.9)
Wheeze (12 months prevalence)	281	16.4	133	21.7	0.6 (0.4-1.9)	0.6 (0.4-1.9)
Severe asthma^a (12 months prevalence)	158	9.2	76	12.4	0.7 (0.4-1.9)	0.7 (0.5-1.9)
Video questionnaire (N = 2300)
Wheezing (12 months prevalence)	124	7.3	24	3.9	2.3 (1.1-2.7)	2.1 (1.0-2.6)
Exercise-induced wheeze (12 months prevalence)	323	19.2	80	13.1	1.7 (0.9-2.4)	1.7 (0.9-2.4)
Dyspnoea at rest (12 months prevalence)	68	4	17	2.8	1.8 (0.7-3.1)	1.7 (0.7-3.2)
RHINITIS SYMPTOMS (N = 2327)
Rhinitis (ever)	715	41.7	255	41.6	1.0 (0.7-1.6)	1.0 (0.7-1.6)
Rhinitis (12 months prevalence)	490	28.6	175	28.5	1.0 (0.7-1.6)	1.0 (0.8-1.6)
Rhinoconjunctivitis^d (12 months prevalence)	369	21.5	147	24.0	0.8 (0.6-1.8)	0.8 (0.6-1.8)
Severe Rhinoconjunctivitis^e (12 months prevalence)	43	2.5	6	1.0	2.6 (1.1-7.8)	2.8 (1.2-6.6)
ECZEMA SYMPTOMS (N = 2303)
Itchy rash (ever)	339	20	123	20.1	1.0 (0.7-1.7)	1.0 (0.7-1.7)
Itchy rash (12 months prevalence)	203	12.0	56	9.2	1.4 (0.9-1.8)	1.4 (1.0-1.8)
Eczema^f (12 months prevalence)	161	9.5	52	8.5	1.1 (0.7-1.8)	1.2 (0.8-1.8)
Severe Eczema^g (12 months prevalence)	27	1.6	3	0.5	3.3 (1.0-10.9)	3.3 (1.0-11.0)

^a ≥ 4 attacks of wheeze or woken by wheeze on one or more nights per week or wheezing severe enough to limit speech to only one or two words at a time, between breaths.
^bReference category: rural.
^cAdjusted by age.
^dPresence of sneezing or a runny or blocked nose, accompanied by itchy watery eyes without a cold or the flu.
^eRhinoconjunctivitis symptoms interfering with daily activities (a lot).
^fPresence of an itchy rash at any time in the past 12 months affecting the following places: the folds of the elbows; behind the knees; in front of the ankles; under the buttocks; or around the neck, ears, or eyes).
^gSleep disturbed by rash in the last 12 months in children with eczema symptoms (one or more nights per week).

ISSN: 1471-2466