LABA | LABA & ICS | Asthma | COPD | Asthma & COPD | Neither Asthma nor COPD | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 9,965) | (N = 215,114) | (N = 87,864) | (N = 20,934) | (N = 8,442) | (N = 107,839) | |||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |
Age | ||||||||||||
20-39 | 2,081 | 20.9 | 65,018 | 30.2 | 33,717 | 38.4 | 758 | 3.6 | 673 | 8.0 | 31,951 | 29.6 |
40-64 | 6,230 | 62.5 | 130,968 | 60.9 | 50,206 | 57.1 | 13,775 | 65.8 | 5,895 | 69.8 | 67,322 | 62.4 |
>64 | 1,654 | 16.6 | 19,128 | 8.9 | 3,941 | 4.5 | 6,401 | 30.6 | 1,874 | 22.2 | 8,566 | 7.9 |
Women | 5,962 | 59.8 | 131,390 | 61.1 | 56,437 | 64.2 | 9,913 | 47.4 | 5,103 | 60.5 | 65,899 | 61.1 |
Upper respiratory tract conditions | ||||||||||||
Sinusitis | 1,812 | 18.2 | 42,469 | 19.7 | 20,310 | 23.1 | 2,828 | 13.5 | 1,794 | 21.3 | 19,349 | 17.9 |
Rhinitis | 2,356 | 23.6 | 50,513 | 23.5 | 32,031 | 36.5 | 2,228 | 10.6 | 1,965 | 23.3 | 16,645 | 15.4 |
Tonsillitis | 61 | 0.6 | 1,596 | 0.7 | 781 | 0.9 | 60 | 0.3 | 38 | 0.5 | 778 | 0.7 |
Nasopharyngitis and Pharyngitis | 664 | 6.7 | 16,636 | 7.7 | 7,393 | 8.4 | 859 | 4.1 | 597 | 7.1 | 8,451 | 7.8 |
Laryngitis | 109 | 1.1 | 2,062 | 1.0 | 797 | 0.9 | 197 | 0.9 | 125 | 1.5 | 1,052 | 1.0 |
Lower respiratory tract conditions | ||||||||||||
Asthma | 4,095 | 41.1 | 92,211 | 42.9 | 87,864 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 8,442 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
COPD | 2,428 | 24.4 | 26,948 | 12.5 | 0 | 0.0 | 20,934 | 100.0 | 8,442 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
Emphysema | 593 | 6.0 | 4,633 | 2.2 | 230 | 0.3 | 3,452 | 16.5 | 1,159 | 13.7 | 385 | 0.4 |
Bronchitis/Bronchiolitis | 3,096 | 31.1 | 74,688 | 34.7 | 25,329 | 28.8 | 11,954 | 57.1 | 5,745 | 68.1 | 34,756 | 32.2 |
Bronchiectasis | 154 | 1.5 | 1,116 | 0.5 | 300 | 0.3 | 351 | 1.7 | 170 | 2.0 | 449 | 0.4 |
Pneumonia (viral or bacterial) | 911 | 9.1 | 15,371 | 7.1 | 4,629 | 5.3 | 3,948 | 18.9 | 1,954 | 23.1 | 5,751 | 5.3 |
Other respiratory disease | ||||||||||||
Pleurisy | 331 | 3.3 | 4,022 | 1.9 | 919 | 1.0 | 1,580 | 7.5 | 555 | 6.6 | 1,299 | 1.2 |
Pneumothorax | 58 | 0.6 | 588 | 0.3 | 98 | 0.1 | 313 | 1.5 | 87 | 1.0 | 148 | 0.1 |
Respiratory failure | 275 | 2.8 | 2,775 | 1.3 | 432 | 0.5 | 1,445 | 6.9 | 732 | 8.7 | 441 | 0.4 |
Pulmonary embolism | 124 | 1.2 | 1,692 | 0.8 | 459 | 0.5 | 592 | 2.8 | 248 | 2.9 | 517 | 0.5 |
Pulmonary edema | 154 | 1.5 | 2,411 | 1.1 | 629 | 0.7 | 780 | 3.7 | 344 | 4.1 | 812 | 0.8 |
Congestive heart failure | 487 | 4.9 | 5,953 | 2.8 | 1,041 | 1.2 | 2,767 | 13.2 | 1,035 | 12.3 | 1,597 | 1.5 |
Malignant neoplasm of trachea, bronchus, and lung | 200 | 2.0 | 1,714 | 0.8 | 167 | 0.2 | 976 | 4.7 | 203 | 2.4 | 568 | 0.5 |
Obstructive sleep apnea | 224 | 2.2 | 3,202 | 1.5 | 1,217 | 1.4 | 710 | 3.4 | 388 | 4.6 | 1,111 | 1.0 |
Medication use | ||||||||||||
LABAa | 9,965 | 100.0 | 4,583 | 2.1 | 5,746 | 6.5 | 2,346 | 11.2 | 1,060 | 12.6 | 5,396 | 5.0 |
ICS | 1,931 | 19.4 | 14,621 | 6.8 | 9,671 | 11.0 | 1,693 | 8.1 | 1,423 | 16.9 | 3,765 | 3.5 |
Fixed, combined LABA and ICSa | 988 | 9.9 | 212,605 | 98.8 | 83,675 | 95.2 | 19,127 | 91.4 | 7,730 | 91.6 | 103,061 | 95.6 |
Short-acting beta agonist | 4,399 | 44.1 | 101,481 | 47.2 | 54,461 | 62.0 | 9,430 | 45.0 | 5,348 | 63.3 | 36,641 | 34.0 |
Inhaled anticholinergics | 1,811 | 18.2 | 14,311 | 6.7 | 3,422 | 3.9 | 6,900 | 33.0 | 2,510 | 29.7 | 3,290 | 3.1 |
Combined SABA and inhaled anticholinergics | 935 | 9.4 | 12,679 | 5.9 | 3,983 | 4.5 | 4,560 | 21.8 | 2,040 | 24.2 | 3,031 | 2.8 |
Injected or oral corticosteroids | 3,684 | 37.0 | 76,198 | 35.4 | 36,436 | 41.5 | 9,249 | 44.2 | 5,509 | 65.3 | 28,688 | 26.6 |
Leukotriene modifiers | 2,241 | 22.5 | 36,924 | 17.2 | 22,577 | 25.7 | 1,914 | 9.1 | 2,283 | 27.0 | 12,391 | 11.5 |
Mast cell stabilizers | 74 | 0.7 | 369 | 0.2 | 281 | 0.3 | 17 | 0.1 | 21 | 0.2 | 124 | 0.1 |
Immunoglobulin-E blockers | 64 | 0.6 | 340 | 0.2 | 335 | 0.4 | 4 | 0.0 | 42 | 0.5 | 23 | 0.0 |
Xanthine derivatives | 320 | 3.2 | 2,142 | 1.0 | 936 | 1.1 | 599 | 2.9 | 445 | 5.3 | 482 | 0.4 |
Healthcare utilization | ||||||||||||
Ambulatory visit | 9,340 | 93.7 | 204,687 | 95.2 | 87,834 | 100.0 | 20,895 | 99.8 | 8,432 | 99.9 | 96,866 | 89.8 |
Emergency department visit | 2,278 | 22.9 | 46,120 | 21.4 | 20,083 | 22.9 | 6,764 | 32.3 | 3,950 | 46.8 | 17,601 | 16.3 |
Inpatient stay | 1,258 | 12.6 | 18,729 | 8.7 | 6,334 | 7.2 | 5,784 | 27.6 | 3,357 | 39.8 | 4,512 | 4.2 |
Pathology/Laboratory code | 6,724 | 67.5 | 140,407 | 65.3 | 58,592 | 66.7 | 15,357 | 73.4 | 6,504 | 77.0 | 66,678 | 61.8 |
Spirometry procedure | 3,039 | 30.5 | 50,465 | 23.5 | 28,720 | 32.7 | 7,635 | 36.5 | 3,912 | 46.3 | 13,237 | 12.3 |
Home oxygen use procedure | 783 | 7.9 | 6,704 | 3.1 | 1,461 | 1.7 | 3,402 | 16.3 | 1,214 | 14.4 | 1,410 | 1.3 |
Cardiovascular procedure | 2,936 | 29.5 | 52,404 | 24.4 | 19,008 | 21.6 | 10,399 | 49.7 | 4,599 | 54.5 | 21,334 | 19.8 |
Surgical procedure | 5,283 | 53.0 | 106,468 | 49.5 | 43,104 | 49.1 | 13,216 | 63.1 | 5,334 | 63.2 | 50,097 | 46.5 |
Anesthesia procedure | 1,034 | 10.4 | 17,936 | 8.3 | 6,887 | 7.8 | 2,989 | 14.3 | 1,258 | 14.9 | 7,836 | 7.3 |
Visit to allergist/immunologist | 1,111 | 11.1 | 17,759 | 8.3 | 14,522 | 16.5 | 311 | 1.5 | 689 | 8.2 | 3,348 | 3.1 |
Visit to pulmonologist | 2,622 | 26.3 | 27,141 | 12.6 | 11,604 | 13.2 | 7,856 | 37.5 | 4,133 | 49.0 | 6,170 | 5.7 |