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Table 1 Baseline comparison between the study groups

From: Efficacy of a multifactorial intervention on therapeutic adherence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a randomized controlled trial

Variables (measure)

CG

IG

p

Adherence (%)

41.9

40.3

0.843*

Sex (% males)

91.9%

91.7%

0.96*

Age (years)

68.59 (66.4-70.78)

69.57 (67.74-71.4)

0.509**

Low Educational Level

81%

75%

0.683*

Current Smoking (%)

33.8%

30.6%

0.676*

Smoking history (Pack-years)

58.67 (48.68-68.66)

67.07 (55.88-78.26)

0.275**

Cigarettes/day

21.32 (19.3-23.34)

19.45 (15.87-23.03)

0.683**

BMI (Kg/m2)

31.42 (27.47-35.37)

30.11 (29.06-31.16)

0.538**

Comorbidity

   

• HBP (%)

40

58,3

0.032*

• DM (%)

25.7

38.9

0.088*

• OA (%)

33.8

29.2

0.548*

Diagnosis time (years)

4.27 (3.57-4.97)

4.61 (3.63-5.59)

0.585**

Pattern (%)

  

0.673*

• Obstructive

47.8

54.9

• Restrictive

13

12.7

• Mixed

39.1

32.4

Severity (%)

  

0.630*

• Mild

34.8

40.6

• Moderate

43,5

43,5

• Severe

21.7

15.9

Exacerbations per years

0.82 (0.59-1.05)

0.92 (0.67-1.17)

0.642**

Visits HC due COPD

1.56 (1.15-1.97)

2.04 (1.54-2.54)

0.162**

Treatment (%)

   

• Anticholinergic

77

77.8

0.914*

• Beta-2 adrenergic

79.7

80.6

0.900*

• Inhaled corticosteroids

74.3

66.7

0.310*

• Xanthine

6.8

9.7

0.514*

Number of Devices (%)

  

0.913*

• 1

29.7%

30.6%

• 2/more

70.3%

69.4%

SGRQ (scores)

   

Total

39.53 (35,42-43.64)

35.32 (31.35-39.29)

0.152**

• Activity

52.05 (48.12-57.98)

50.62 (45.83-55.4)

0.49**

• Symptoms

42.74 (38.14-47.34)

39.62 (35.21-44.03)

0.341**

• Impact

30.66 (26.45-34.87)

25.46 (21.41-29.51)

0.085**

EuroQoL5D-3 L (%without problem)

   

• Mobility

54.1

59.7

0.489*

• Self-care

82.4

86.1

0.542*

• Perform main, family or leisure activities

77

80.6

0.601*

• Anxious or depressed

40.5

50

0.099*

• Pain or discomfort

64.9

70.8

0.207*

  1. Quantitative variables: mean (CI 95%); Qualitative variables: %.
  2. CG: control group; IG: intervention group; BMI: body mass index; HBP: high blood pressure; DM: diabetes mellitus; OA: osteoarthritis HC: health center; SGRQ: Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire.
  3. *ji-schare test; **ANOVA test.