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Table 3 MMP, TIMP, MMP-9 activity and molar ratio in patients with HAP and control patients.

From: Hospital acquired pneumonia with high-risk bacteria is associated with increased pulmonary matrix metalloproteinase activity

 

Mean ± SEM

p- value

MMP-8 (ng/ml)

   

Control group (n = 18)

24 (± 7)

HAP vs. control

0.346

All HAP patients (n = 37)

435 (± 131)

  

HAP subgroups

   

• Bacteria

 

high vs. low risk

0.002

    high-risk bacteria (n = 17)

750 (± 245)

high vs. control

0.0007

    low-risk bacteria (n = 20)

167 (± 93)

low vs. control

0.198

• invasive ventilation

   

    ventilated (n = 15)

891 (± 266)

vent. vs. not vent.

<0.0001

    not ventilated (n = 22)

124 (± 77)

  

MMP-9 (ng/ml)

   

Control group (n = 18)

50 (± 17)*

HAP vs. control

0.059

All HAP patients (n = 37)

657 (± 157)*

  

HAP subgroups

   

• Bacteria

 

high vs. low risk

<0.0001

    high-risk bacteria (n = 17)

1168 (± 266)**

high vs. control

<0.0001

    low-risk bacteria (n = 20)

224 (± 119)**

low vs. control

0.497

• invasive ventilation

   

    ventilated (n = 15)

1309 (± 266)***

vent. vs. not vent.

<0.0001

    not ventilated (n = 22)

213 (± 131)***

  

MMP-9 gelatinolytic activity (%)

   

Control group (n = 18)

34 (± 11)*

HAP vs. control

0.0001

All HAP patients (n = 37)

149 (± 41)*

  

HAP subgroups

   

• Bacteria

 

high vs. low risk

0.0001

    high-risk bacteria (n = 17)

325 (± 106)**

high vs. control

<0.0001

    low-risk bacteria (n = 20)

67 (± 14)**

low vs. control

0.007

• invasive ventilation

   

    ventilated (n = 15)

197 (± 40)***

vent. vs. not vent.

0.0024

    not ventilated (n = 22)

118 (± 63)***

  

TIMP-1 (ng/ml)

   

Control group (n = 18)

410 (± 80)*

HAP vs. control

0.275

All HAP patients (n = 37)

648 (± 164)*

  

HAP subgroups

   

• Bacteria

 

high vs. low risk

0.0039

    high-risk bacteria (n = 17)

983 (± 285)**

high vs. control

0.290

    low-risk bacteria (n = 20)

364 (± 165)**

low vs. control

0.005

• invasive ventilation

   

    ventilated (n = 15)

1309 (± 261)***

vent. vs. not vent.

<0.0001

    not ventilated (n = 22)

132 (± 40)***

  

MMP-9/TIMP-1 molar ratio

   

Control group (n = 18)

0.04 (± 0.02)*

HAP vs. control

<0.0001

All HAP patients (n = 37)

0.43 (± 0.12)*

  

HAP subgroups

   

• Bacteria

 

high vs. low risk

0.0002

    high-risk bacteria (n = 17)

0.66 (± 0.17)**

high vs. control

<0.0001

    low-risk bacteria (n = 20)

0.24 (± 0.15)**

low vs. control

0.0028

• invasive ventilation

   

    ventilated (n = 15)

0.66 (± 0.23)***

vent. vs. not vent.

0.0046

    not ventilated (n = 22)

0.28 (± 0.12)***

  
  1. Subgroups according to high/low-risk bacteria and artificial ventilation.