References No. | Country | Study duration | Sample size | Productivity loss/person | Total indirect cost | Total asthma related cost | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  |  | Mean | SD | 95%CI | % |  |  |
Institutional studies | |||||||||
10 | US | 1 yr | 3528 | 83 | - | - | - | 148 | - |
11 | US | 1 yr | 401 | 1,370 | - | - | 61 | 2,234 | - |
13 | Spain | 1 yr | 333 | 553,569 Ï• | - | - | - | 915,674 | - |
15Â¥ | Canada | 1 yr | 940 | 935 | - | - | 92 | 1,018 | - |
 |  |  |  | 1,411 | - | - | 50 | 2,836 | - |
16 | Italy | 1 yr | 527 | 416 | - | 261–573 | 53 | 663 | - |
18 | Canada | 1 yr | 149 | 44,623 | - | - | - | 67,729 | - |
21 | US | 1 yr | 443 | 1,437 | 3732 | - | - | 1,788 | - |
23* | France | 1 yr | 318 | - | - | - | - | Â | - |
26 | Hungary | 1 yr | 378 x | 540 | - | - | - | 1,132 | - |
 |  |  | 711 y | 170 | - | - | - | 810 | - |
27 | Sweden | 1 yr | 115 | 1,399 | - | - | 76 | 1,778 | - |
42 | Canada | 1 yr | 339 | 66 | - | - | 44 | 150 | - |
50 | Denmark | 1 yr | 115 | 760,853 Ï• | - | - | 62 | 822,067 | 1.2 m |
National studies | |||||||||
14 | US | 1 yr | 35000 | 315 m | - | 113–517 | 33 | 955 m | 8,256 m |
20 | Singapore | 1 yr | 142,300 | 18.5 m | - | - | 37 | 24.31 m | 49.36 m |
43 | US | 1 yr | 2.52 b | 821 m | - | - | - | 1,124 m | 2.3 b |
48 | Switzerland | 1 yr | N/A | 414 m | - | - | 75 | 551 m | 1,413 m |
49 | US | 1 yr | N/A | 1,448 m | - | - | - | 4.2 b | 7.2 b |
58 | US | 10 yrs | 14.2 m | 1,902 m | - | - | - | 6,583 m | 15,248 m |