Plasma CC16 levels are associated with development of ALI/ARDS in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia: a retrospective observational study

Table 1 Characteristics of the study population at study enrolment

	Patients with VAP		Patients without VAP (controls)
	patients developing ALI/ARDS	patients not developing ALI/ARDS
	(n = 10)	(n = 12)	(n = 15)
Age (yrs)	67 ± 17	64 ± 13	56 ± 14
Male gender (n, %)	7 (70%)	10 (83%)	8 (67%)
APACHE II-score	22.4 ± 6.7	23.7 ± 4.2	19.7 ± 9.6
MODS	10.8 ± 3.8	10.8 ± 3.0	7.2 ± 3.2*
LIS	1.9 ± 0.8	1.7 ± 1.0	1.1 ± 0.7
CPIS	5.5 ± 1.8	6.7 ± 1.4	4.9 ± 1.4*
Tidal volume (ml)	550 ± 90	585 ± 110	590 ± 130
Tidal volume per kg IBW (ml/kg)	6.6 ± 1.8	7.8 ± 1.6	7.7 ± 1.7
Smoking history	7 (70%)	5 (42%)	7 (47%)
Bronchial asthma	0 (0%)	1 (8%)	0 (0%)
CC16 (ng/ml)	30 [10 - 36]	14 [8.1 - 26]	6.5 [3.6 - 20]
sRAGE (pg/ml)	862 [245 - 1582]	830 [499 - 1527]	560 [350 - 847]
SP-D (ng/ml)	12 [3.7 - 28]	17 [5.1 - 32]	14 [10 - 23]
KL-6 (U/ml)	292 [183 - 495]	279 [161 - 470]	283 [164 - 377]
Admission diagnosis
Abdominal sepsis	1	2	3
Abdominal aortic aneurysm		1
Aspiration pneumonia	1	1
Cardiac arrest	0	2
Cardiac surgery	3	4	2
Intracranial hemorrhage			2
Meningitis	1	1
Near drowning	1
Fasciitis necroticans			3
Pancreatitis	1		2
Trauma	2	1	3

Abbreviations: APACHE, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; MOD, multiple organ dysfunction; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; LIS, lung injury score; CPIS, clinical pulmonary infection score; IBW, ideal body weight; CC16, Clara cell protein; sRAGE, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products; SP-D, surfactant protein D; *statistical significance (p < 0.05 in post-hoc analysis) of controls vs. VAP patients developing ALI/ARDS and vs. VAP patients not developing ALI/ARDS.

ISSN: 1471-2466