Table 3 Baseline characteristics of pediatric patients with severe uncontrolled asthma (N = 36) treated at a referral center for asthma in Brazil, by phenotype ^a

Female gender

13 (65.0)

10 (62.5)

0.846

Age (years)

12.0 (6.4–17.8)

11.0 (6.2–17.7)

0.514

Pattern of sputum cellularity^b

   Eosinophilic

5 (31.3)

1 (14.3)

0.52

   Neutrophilic

3 (18.8)

1 (14.3)

   Paucicellular^a

6 (37.5)

4 (57.1)

   Mixed

2 (12.5)

1 (14.3)

Number of ICU admissions

0.0 (0.0–6.0)

0.0 (0.0–4.0)

0.621

Courses of oral corticosteroids in the last 12 months (n)

0.5 (0.0–7.0)

1.00 (0.0–12.0)

0.143

Exacerbations in the last 12 months

6 (1–12.0)

4 (1–20.0)

0.311

Time to achieve ≥ 80% adherence and complete the protocol (months)

6.2 (0.7–24.2)

5.8 (1.4–17.3)

0.987

Asthma Control Test score

14 (6–24)

18 (10–24)

0.091

Rhinitis score

7.5 (4–15)

9 (0–15)

0.886

FVC (% of predicted)

74.9 (59.6–106.7)

93.6 (81.3–117)

<0.001

FEV₁ (% of predicted)

61.0 (36.0–98.6)

87.0 (72.1–113)

<0.001

FEV₁/FVC ratio

78.3 (43.1–86.1)

84.3 (72.1–98.9)

0.009

FEF_25–75% (%of predicted)

39.8 (16.0–83.1)

74.6 (29.1–131.3)

0.002

Post-BD variation in FEV₁ (%)

17.0 (1.7–70.0)

6.2 (0.0–38.3)

0.012

Post-BD variation in FEF_25–75% (%)

38.9 (1.4–166.0)

24.6 (0.0–59.2)

0.031

Equivalent dose of budesonide (μg)

800 (800–1200)

800 (800–800)

0.975

FeNO (ppb)

40 (7–125)

12 (5–53)

0.037

Total IgE total (mg/dl)

1040 (65–3000)

454 (11–2500)

0.098

Sensitization to dust mite allergens

20 (100)

12 (80)

0.069

Sensitization to fungi

7 (35)

5 (33.3)

0.603

Sensitization to pet dander

5 (25)

4 (26.7)

0.605

Sensitization to cockroach allergens

4 (20)

3 (20)

0.659