Table 3 Inhalation parameters after enhanced training, and percentage change versus pre-training values
Children with asthma (n = 23) | Adolescents with asthma (n = 27) | Adults with asthma (n = 50) | Adults with COPD (n = 50) | Healthy adults (n = 50) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spiromax | |||||
PIF ± SD, L/min | 77.99 ± 17.64† | 83.87 ± 15.12‡ | 85.45 ± 14.60‡ | 68.08 ± 18.48‡ | 98.68 ± 9.25‡ |
(Change ± SD, %) | (14.18 ± 22.51) | (26.34 ± 22.83) | (19.31 ± 26.65) | (25.27 ± 33.36) | (18.93 ± 22.39) |
Max ΔP ± SD, kPa | 6.25 ± 2.64 | 7.11 ± 2.50* | 7.36 ± 2.33† | 3.94 ± 2.09 | 9.62 ± 1.66 |
(Change ± SD, %) | (35.24 ± 59.55) | (64.64 ± 60.13) | (49.30 ± 74.81) | (35.94 ± 81.15) | (46.36 ± 58.85) |
ACC ± SD, kPa/s | 19.10 ± 14.63 | 26.72 ± 18.42 | 30.02 ± 25.30* | 18.79 ± 17.07* | 32.21 ± 17.19 |
(Change ± SD, %) | (102.11 ± 171.24) | (189.28 ± 234.48) | (247.72 ± 482.94) | (152.83 ± 233.91) | (212.09 ± 284.44) |
Inhalation volume ± SD, L | 1.58 ± 0.60† | 2.13 ± 0.67† | 2.38 ± 1.12† | 1.90 ± 0.90† | 3.07 ± 1.05† |
(Change ± SD, %) | (14.68 ± 42.03) | (10.09 ± 21.40) | (1.25 ± 26.19) | (14.73 ± 59.64) | (6.41 ± 27.99) |
Turbuhaler | |||||
PIF ± SD, L/min | 69.46 ± 16.18 | 74.31 ± 12.94 | 76.73 ± 15.01 | 60.09 ± 16.95 | 90.36 ± 11.00 |
(Change ± SD, %) | (20.03 ± 17.51) | (32.68 ± 27.56) | (22.17 ± 28.32) | (24.06 ± 25.56) | (18.16 ± 21.92) |
Max ΔP ± SD, kPa | 5.70 ± 2.53 | 6.38 ± 2.21 | 6.86 ± 2.51 | 4.37 ± 2.44§ | 9.30 ± 2.09 |
(Change ± SD, %) | (50.99 ± 40.47) | (83.35 ± 82.04) | (57.12 ± 89.53) | (60.30 ± 73.15) | (44.33 ± 56.21) |
ACC ± SD, kPa/s | 19.76 ± 12.37 | 23.58 ± 12.52 | 25.96 ± 20.29 | 15.72 ± 13.98 | 30.12 ± 14.34 |
(Change ± SD, %) | (214.36 ± 295.99) | (237.34 ± 365.66) | (188.77 ± 271.47) | (254.32 ± 426.12) | (275.05 ± 389.83) |
Inhalation volume ± SD, L | 1.29 ± 0.53 | 1.77 ± 0.56 | 2.11 ± 0.90 | 1.66 ± 0.71 | 2.79 ± 0.96 |
(Change ± SD, %) | (9.58 ± 31.29) | (15.52 ± 30.85) | (5.88 ± 34.35) | (11.26 ± 40.03) | (0.69 ± 19.91) |