Fig. 8

Protocadherin-1 (PCDH1) expression in the nasal tissues of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and the airway of asthmatic patients. a Representative image of PCDH1 expression in the nasal tissue from a patient with CRS (a,b). PCDH1 expression of normal region (a) and inflamed region (b) in the nasal tissues of CRS. Arrow shows ciliated airway epithelial cells (CECs) in the inflamed region. b. Immunohistochemistry score for PCDH1 expression in CECs of patients with CRS (n = 16). The graph shows the expression level of PCDH1 in the normal region and inflamed region. The horizontal bars represent the mean values of the expression score. An asterisk indicates a statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05). c A representative image of PCDH1 expression in the airway of a patient with asthma (a,b). Normal region (a) and inflamed region (b) in the airway tissues of an individual with asthma. Arrow shows asthma in the inflamed region. Arrowhead shows endothelial cells. d Immunohistochemistry score for PCDH1 expression of CECs in asthmatic patients (n = 9). The graph shows the expression levels of PCDH1 in the normal region and inflamed region of the lung tissues. EDC stands for endothelial cells. Horizontal bars represent mean value expression scores. Asterisks indicate a statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05)