Reference | Year | Patients | Setting | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|
Trouillet et al. [20] | 1990 | N = 107 | acutely ill ventilated patients; bronchial brush | 26 % of patients (p < 0.01) with a drop in PaO2; modest alterations in mean systolic blood pressure related to sedation; six patients developed arrhythmias during the procedure |
Montravers et al. [21] | 1993 | N = 30 | mechanically ventilated patients; BAL | mild haemodynamic variations but a marked decrease in PaO2 during bronchoscopy with a maximum at the end of the procedure that not fully recovered up to 2 h thereafter |
Steinberg et al. [17] | 1993 | N = 110 | ARDS patients; BAL | 21 patients with a moderate to severe drop in PaO2/FiO2; four patients with a decrease of mean arterial pressure < 60 mmHg; six patients developed arrhythmias during the procedure; one pneumothorax; two cases of bacteraemia within 24 h |
Turner et al. [25] | 1994 | N = 107 | intensive care patients; bronchial brush | study describes therapeutic and diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopies; 23 bronchial brush procedures included; low rate of complications (4.1 %); none with long-term sequelae |
Bauer et al. [22] | 2001 | N = 37 | mechanically ventilated patients; BAL | patients showed a lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio and higher MAP after BAL up to 24 h |
Chou et al. [23] | 2009 | N = 56 | mechanically ventilated patients; BAL | alterations in respiratory mechanics more pronounced by BAL in patients with intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure before the procedure was started |
Estella [24] | 2010 | N = 50 | Mechanically ventilated patients; BAL | respiratory mechanics during BAL procedures showed significant decrease in lung compliance and increase in resistance that only reached baseline after 90 min to 3 h |
Estella [18] | 2012 | N = 148 | ICU patients; BAL | desaturations <90 % (7 %), supraventricular tachycardia (4 %) and slight bronchial bleeding (2 %) |