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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics with respect to insulin resistance

From: The relation between insulin resistance and lung function: a cross sectional study

  

Insulin resistance

p value

Total

Absent

Present

with vs. without insulin resistance

(n = 171)

(n = 108)

(n = 63)

Demographics Mean (SD)

   

Age (year)

43.1 (11.9)

43.0 (11.6)

43.2 (12.5)

0.9251

Gender

 

n (%)

 

Male

16 (9.4)

7 (6.5)

9 (14.3)

0.0912

Female

155 (90.6)

101 (93.5)

54 (85.7)

Anthropometrics

   

Height (cm) Mean (SD)

160.0 (7.7)

159.1 (6.8)

161.7 (8.9)

0.110b

Weight (kg)

160.0 (7.7)

84.4 (12.7)

96.0 (16.9)

<0.001b

Body mass index (kg/m2)

   

Overall score

Mean (SD)

34.7 (5.7)

33.4 (5.2)

37.0 (5.8)

<0.001b

≤29.9

n (%)

30 (17.5)

25 (23.1)

5 (7.9)

<0.0012

30-34.9

71 (41.5)

52 (48.1)

19 (30.2)

≥35

70 (40.9)

31 (28.7)

39 (61.9)

Waist circumference (cm)

101.5 (11.3)

98.3 (9.8)

107.0 (11.5)

<0.001b

Blood pressure (mmHg)

 

Mean (SD)

 

Systolic

131.7 (18.7)

130.6 (19.3)

133.4 (17.5)

0.220b

Diastolic

81.0 (11.3)

80.2 (11.4)

82.4 (11.1)

0.235b

Glycemic parameters

 

Mean (SD)

 

FBG (mg/dL)

108.2 (35.1)

102.2 (32.0)

118.5 (37.8)

<0.001b

HbA1c (%)

6.1 (1.1)

6.0 (1.0)

6.3 (1.2)

0.013b

Insulin (μU/ml)

10.1 (5.9)

6.9 (2.3)

15.7 (6.1)

<0.001b

HOMA-IR

2.7 (1.8)

1.7 (0.5)

4.5 (1.8)

<0.001b

Lipid parameters

 

Mean (SD)

 

LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

121.5 (35.3)

122.8 (35.2)

119.1 (35.6)

0.299b

HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

50.2 (10.8)

52.9 (10.9)

45.6 (8.9)

<0.001b

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

198.6 (41.4)

197.7 (41.2)

200.1 (42.0)

0.719b

Triglyceride (mg/dL)

151.6 (86.3)

127.8 (65.9)

192.4 (101.3)

<0.001b

Metabolic syndrome

   

Present

n (%)

109 (63.7)

57 (52.8)

52 (82.5)

<0.0012

Diagnostic criteria (#)

Mean (SD)

3.0 (1.0)

3.0 (1.0)

4.0 (1.0)

<0.001b

Waist circumference (Male>94 cm, Female>80 cm)

171 (100.0)

108 (100.0)

63 (100.0)

-

Blood pressure (≥130/≥85 mm Hg)

98 (57.3)

56 (51.9)

42 (66.7)

0.0592

Fasting blood glucose (≥100 mg/dL, or concomitant diabetes mellitus)

80 (46.8)

41 (38.0)

39 (61.9)

0.0022

HDL cholesterol (Male < 40 mg/dL, Female <50 mg/dL)

94 (55.0)

50 (46.3)

44 (69.8)

0.0032

Triglycerides (≥150 mg/dL)

76 (44.4)

37 (34.3)

39 (61.9)

<0.0012

Spirometric findings

 

Mean (SD)

 

FEV1%pre (%)

93.6 (11.9)

95.2 (10.9)

91.0 (13.2)

0.111b

FEV1/FVC%pre (%)

105.3 (5.8)

106.3 (5.2)

103.5 (6.4)

0.004b

PEF%pre (%)

88.3 (15.5)

89.6 (14.1)

86.0 (17.4)

0.281b

FEF 25-75%pre (%)

109.2 (22.7)

112.7 (21.8)

103.1 (23.1)

0.020b

FVC%pre (%)

89.1 (11.3)

89.7 (10.6)

88.0 (12.5)

0.587b

FIVC%pre %

84.3 (23.2)

86.1 (24.7)

81.3 (20.6)

0.119b

Respiratory function

 

n (%)

 

Normal

134 (78.4)

90 (83.3)

44 (69.8)

0.0392

Abnormal

37 (21.6)

18 (16.7)

19 (30.2)

  1. HDL high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein, FBG fasting blood glucose, FEV1%pre forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration for predicted values, FVC%pre forced vital capacity for predicted values, PEF%pre peak expiratory flow for predicted values, FEF%pre forced expiratory flow for predicted values; FIVC%pre: forced inspiratory vital capacity for predicted values
  2. aStudent’s t-test, 2X 2 test, bMann–Whitney U test
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