Table 1 Clinical parameters and spirometric values of the exudates and transudates study groups

Gender

 Male

33 (67.3 %)

7 (63.6 %)

1.00^a

 Female

16 (32.7 %)

4 (36.4 %)

Age (mean ± SD, years)

60.1 ± 20.9

73.3 ± 15.7

0.055^b

Smoking habit

 Current smokers

19 (38.8 %)

6 (54.5 %)

0.55^c

 Non-smokers

28 (57.1 %)

5 (45.5 %)

 Ex-smokers

2 (4.1 %)

0 (0.0 %)

Pack-years (mean ± SD)

55.2 ± 36.8

80.0 ± 35.8

0.17^b

FEV₁ (% pred.)

79.8 ± 18.0

78.1 ± 19.1

0.78^b

FVC (% pred.)

78.2 ± 15.8

76.0 ± 16.7

0.68^b

FEV₁/FVC (%)

79.8 ± 7.6

76.7 ± 10.1

0.25^b