Table 1 Baseline characteristics of enrolled patients
Characteristics | Total (n, %) |
|---|---|
Number | 73 |
Age (years) | 67.0 (SD 14.1) |
Sex male | 52 (71.2) |
Admission NIHSS score | 9.3 (SD 3.2) |
Admission GCS score | 5.6 (SD 2.0) |
Smoking | 30 (41.1) |
Excess alcohol consumption | 22 (30.1) |
Pre-existing illnesses | |
Hypertension | 53 (72.6) |
Diabetes | 36 (49.3) |
Coronary heart disease | 14 (19.2) |
Liver disease (except for hepatic cirrhosis) | 0 (0) |
Kidney disease | 2 (2.7) |
Chest X ray | 73 (100) |
Chest CT | 58 (79.5) |
GGOs | 40/58 (69.0) |
Consolidation opacities | 31/58 (53.4) |
Pleural effusions | 14/58 (24.1) |
Air bronchogram | 11/58 (19.0) |
Tachypnea (RR ≥ 25 breaths/min) | 67 (91.8) |
Fever (T ≥ 37.5 °C) | 43 (58.9) |
PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg) | 143.5 (SD 59.0) |
APACHE II score | 28.2 (SD 10.4) |
pH value | 7.38 (SD 0.57) |
Acidosis (pH < 7.35) | 11 (15.1) |
Albumin (g/L) | 26.1 (SD 9.2) |
Treatment | |
Corticosteroids | 47 (64.4) |
No respiratory response | 16/47 (34.0) |
Respiratory response | 31/47 (66.0) |
Ventilatory support | 63 (86.3) |
Non-invasive ventilation alone | 14/63 (22.2) |
Non-invasive ventilation followed by intubation | 16/63 (25.4) |
First line invasive ventilation | 33/63 (52.4) |
Time from diagnosis to corticosteroids (days) | 6.5 (SD 3.5) |
Outcomes | |
Duration of IMV (days) | 8.5 (SD 5.5) |
Hospital LOS (days) | 23.0 (SD 7.0) |
Hospital mortality | 29 (39.7) |