From: The temporal relationship between poor lung function and the risk of diabetes
 | Overall | Q4 | Q3 | Q2 | Q1 | P value for trend |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FEV1%predicted | 95.4 (±18.1) | 116.9 (±10.2) | 101.3 (±3.0) | 90.9 (±3.2) | 72.5 (±11.9) | – |
Number (n) | 7416 | 1854 | 1854 | 1854 | 1854 | – |
Age (years) | 47.6 (±7.8) | 48.0 (±6.6) | 46.9 (±7.8) | 46.6 (±8.6) | 48.8 (±8.1) | 0.023 |
Height (m) | 1.64 (±0.06) | 1.64 (±0.06) | 1.64 (±0.06) | 1.64 (±0.06) | 1.64 (±0.06) | 0.868 |
Current-smokers (%) | 45.2 | 27.0 | 38.8 | 48.4 | 66.6 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.8 (±3.9) | 23.8 (±3.5) | 23.7 (±3.7) | 23.7 (±3.9) | 24.0 (±4.4) | 0.135 |
Physical inactivity (%) | 43.3 | 36.6 | 40.6 | 45.0 | 51.0 | <0.001 |
 - Missing data (%) | 12.2 | 11.2 | 13.9 | 14.5 | 9.2 | |
Anti-hypertensive medication (%) | 6.6 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 8.6 | <0.001 |
High alcohol consumption (%) | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 0.150 |
ESR (mm/h)a | 7.47 | 6.99 | 7.13 | 7.48 | 8.36 | <0.001 |
Baseline glucose (mmol/L) | 4.74 (±0.52) | 4.70 (±0.52) | 4.74 (±0.51) | 4.75 (±0.53) | 4.79 (±0.53) | <0.001 |
Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.67 (±1.10) | 5.64 (±1.07) | 5.62 (±1.08) | 5.62 (±1.11) | 5.79 (±1.12) | <0.001 |
Family history of diabetes (%) | 16.0 | 16.0 | 16.1 | 15.2 | 16.7 | 0.788 |
Social class (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.785 |
 - Low skilled | 44.9 | 42.2 | 43.8 | 45.0 | 48.5 | |
 - High skilled | 45.4 | 48.5 | 48.2 | 45.4 | 39.5 | |
 - Self-employed | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 3.0 | |
 - Other | 6.8 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 8.9 |