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Table 3 Hazard ratios of diabetes mellitus by quartiles of FEV1%predicted in males: stratified by follow-up time (years) (n = 20,295)

From: The temporal relationship between poor lung function and the risk of diabetes

follow-up time (years) (n = number of incident DM events)

 

Q4 (reference)

Q3

Q2

Q1

P value for trend

  

≥106.34

95.57–106.34

84.65–95.57

≤84.65

 

Overall follow-up time (n = 3753)

Unadjusted risk

1.00

1.13 (1.02–1.24)*

1.26 (1.15–1.39)***

1.77 (1.61–1.94)***

<0.001

Adjusted riska

1.00

1.06 (0.97–1.17)

1.15 (1.05–1.27)**

1.48 (1.35–1.63)***

<0.001

0–10 years (n = 365)

Unadjusted risk

1.00

1.09 (0.78–1.54)

1.25 (0.90–1.74)

2.41 (1.80–3.23)***

<0.001

Adjusted riska

1.00

0.99 (0.70–1.38

1.06 (0.76–1.47)

1.64 (1.21–2.22)**

<0.001

10–20 years (n = 1059)

Unadjusted risk

1.00

1.05 (0.87–1.27)

1.25 (1.04–1.50)*

1.94 (1.64–2.30)***

<0.001

Adjusted riska

1.00

0.98 (0.81–1.19)

1.12 (0.93–1.35)

1.52 (1.27–1.81)***

<0.001

20–30 years (n = 1984)

Unadjusted risk

1.00

1.18 (1.04–1.34)*

1.30 (1.15–1.48)***

1.59 (1.40–1.81)***

<0.001

Adjusted risk*a

1.00

1.12 (0.98–1.27)

1.20 (1.05–1.36)**

1.39 (1.22–1.59)***

<0.001

>30 years (n = 345)

Unadjusted risk

1.00

1.08 (0.80–1.46)

1.10 (0.81–1.50)

1.59 (1.18–2.13)**

0.004

Adjusted riska

1.00

1.06 (0.79–1.44)

1.06 (0.77–1.44)

1.46 (1.08–1.97)*

0.023

  1. aAdjusted for: age, height, BMI, smoking status, ESR (log transformed), baseline glucose, cholesterol, physical activity, BP medication, social class, family history of diabetes, and alcohol abuse. *p <0.05 **p < 0.01 ***p <0.001 P value for trend calculated using cox regression models (1 d.f)