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Table 4 Hazard ratios of diabetes mellitus by quartiles of FEV1%predicted in females: stratified by follow-up time (years) (n = 7416)

From: The temporal relationship between poor lung function and the risk of diabetes

follow-up time (years) (n = number of incident DM events)

 

Q4 (reference)

Q3

Q2

Q1

P value for trend

  

≥106.67

96.13–106.67

85.14–96.12

≤85.13

 

Overall follow-up time (n = 993)

Unadjusted risk

1.00

1.34 (1.11–1.62)**

1.40 (1.16–1.70)***

1.94 (1.62–2.33)***

<0.001

Adjusted riska

1.00

1.26 (1.04–1.53)*

1.26 (1.04–1.53)*

1.45 (1.20–1.75)***

<0.001

0–10 years (n = 135)

Unadjusted risk

1.00

2.19 (1.23–3.89)**

2.09 (1.17–3.72)*

2.77 (1.59–4.83)***

0.001

Adjusted riska

1.00

2.00 (1.12–3.58)*

1.72 (0.95–3.11)

1.68 (0.94–3.01)

0.275

10–20 years (n = 395)

Unadjusted risk

1.00

1.38 (1.01–1.87)*

1.44 (1.06–1.95)*

2.00 (1.50–2.67)***

<0.001

Adjusted riska

1.00

1.33 (0.98–1.81)

1.37 (1.01–1.87)*

1.51 (1.11–2.05)**

0.012

20–30 years (n = 419)

Unadjusted risk

1.00

1.13 (0.85–1.50)

1.33 (1.01–1.75)*

1.73 (1.32–2.28)***

<0.001

Adjusted riska

1.00

1.04 (0.78–1.39)

1.16 (0.87–1.54)

1.32 (0.99–1.76)

0.043

>30 years (n = 44)

Unadjusted risk

1.00

1.49 (0.60–3.69)

0.73 (0.26–2.00)

1.91 (0.78–4.70)

0.355

Adjusted riska

1.00

1.58 (0.63–3.94)

0.79 (0.28–2.20)

2.35 (0.93–5.90)

0.186

  1. aAdjusted for: age, height, BMI, smoking status, ESR (log transformed), baseline glucose, cholesterol, physical activity, BP medication, social class, family history of diabetes, and alcohol abuse. *p <0.05 **p < 0.01 ***p < 0.001. P value for trend calculated using cox regression models (1 d.f)