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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Heart rate response during 6-minute walking testing predicts outcome in operable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

 

Baseline

One year post-PEA

p-value

Patients, n

37

 

Male/female

20/17

 

Age (y)

61 ± 12

 

BMI (kg/m2)

27.9 ± 5.8

 

WHO functional class, (%)

 

b

0.7

 I

none

29.6

 

 II

27

48.1

 

 III

62.2

22.2

 

 IV

10.8

None

 

6MWT

   

 6MWD (m)

404.7 ± 148.4

453.4 ± 126.8

0.1

 Rest SpO2 (%)

93.9 ± 2.7

95.6 ± 2.9

0.043

 Peak SpO2 (%)

88.8 ± 5.6

92.2 ± 4.5

0.003

 Δ SpO2 (%)

−5.1 ± 4.4

−3.5 ± 4.1

0.15

 Rest HR (beatsbmin-1)

83.8 ± 14.4

83.5 ± 13.9

0.98

 Peak HR (beatsbmin-1)

117.1 ± 18.8

107.8 ± 17.1

0.041

 Δ HR (beatsbmin-1)

32.6 ± 14.7

24.3 ± 12.9

0.038

 HRR (%)

45.1 ± 20.6

33.4 ± 16.7

0.022

 Δ Borg

4.4 ± 2.2

3.1 ± 2.4

0.006

 Supplemental Oxygen (n, %)

9 (24.3)

3 (8.1)b

0.33

Lung function

   

 FEV1 (% pred.)

88.7 ± 13.8

88.2 ± 12.5

0.76

 FEV1/FVC (% pred.)

96 ± 10.3

90.6 ± 12.1

0.05

 TLC (% pred.)

99 ± 13.5

104.8 ± 16.8

0.11

 VC (% pred.)

91.6 ± 13.7

94 ± 12.7

0.34

RHC

  

 mPAP (mm Hg)

43.2 ± 8.7

28.9 ± 10.1

0.001

 RAP (mm Hg)

5.9 ± 4.1

7.2 ± 4.3

0.15

 PVR (dynebs/cm5)

605.5 ± 228.7

328.1 ± 241.4

0.001

 CI (l/min/m2)

2.4 ± 0.5

2.7 ± 1.3

0.048

 PAWP (mm Hg)

9.5 ± 4.6

10.6 ± 4.5

0.19

Echocardiography

  

 TAPSE (mm)

17.2 ± 4.3

17.5 ± 3.2

0.62

 PASP (mm Hg)

69.8 ± 25.1

56.8 ± 23.7

0.041

CPETc

   

 Peak VO2 (ml/min/kg)

12.3 ± 3.4

14.2 ± 4.2

0.33

 Rest VD/VT

35.2 ± 7.6

32 ± 5.8

0.77

 Peak VD/VT

39.5 ± 8.7

35 ± 11.9

0.6

 Rest VD, L

0.35 ± 0.17

0.29 ± 0.11

0.39

 Peak VD, L

0.65 ± 0.25

0.72 ± 0.21

0.55

 Rest SpO2 (%)

94.2 ± 1.7

95.1 ± 1.4

0.10

 Peak SpO2 (%)

89.3 ± 1.4

90.7 ± 4.8

0.86

 Δ SpO2 (%)

−4.9 ± 5.8

−4.4 ± 4.3

0.69

 Rest HR (beatsbmin-1)

72.8 ± 12.2

81.2 ± 11.2

0.15

 Peak HR (beatsbmin-1)

120.7 ± 21.3

122.9 ± 19.6

0.25

 Δ HR (beatsbmin-1)

47.9 ± 19.4

41.7 ± 16.3

0.72

 HRR (%)

54.7 ± 21.1

53.7 ± 20.2

0.92

Co-morbidities, n (%)

  

 Hypertension

24 (64.9)

Unchanged

 

 Coronary heart disease

4 (10.8)

Unchanged

 

 Renal insuffiency

4 (10.8)

Unchanged

 

Jamieson-Type, %

  

 I

31

 

 II

31

 

 III

38

 

Laboratory

  

 NT-proBNP (pg/ml)

488.2 [1004]

245.0 [422]a

0.006

  1. Values represent mean ± SD or median [IQR]. pred.: predicted, a = Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, b = Pearson Chi-Square test, cn = 34. CI cardiac index, mPAP mean pulmonary arterial pressure, PVR pulmonary vascular resistance, RAP right atrial pressure, PAWP pulmonary arterial wedge pressure, TAPSE tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, PASP pulmonary artery systolic pressure, 6MWD six-minute walking distance, VO 2 oxygen uptake, WHO World Health Organization, NT-proBNP N-terminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide, V D absolute dead space, V D /V T dead space ventilation, HR heart rate, SpO 2 oxygen pulse saturation, RHC right heart catheter, CPET cardio-pulmonary exercise testing, HRR heart rate reserve, VC vital capacity, FRC functional residual capacity, TLC total lung capacity, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s