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Table 7 Variables associated with poor sleep quality among patients with COPD

From: Factors responsible for poor sleep quality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Characteristics

Parameter estimate

Standard error

Odds ratio (95 % CI)

P-value

Univariate analysis

 Age

0.006

0.010

1.01 (0.99,1.03)

0.563

 BMI

0.027

0.026

1.03 (0.98,1.08)

0.311

 FEV1, predicted %

−0.003

0.004

1.00 (0.99,1.01)

0.555

 Wheezing*

0.509

0.228

1.66 (1.06,2.60)

0.026

 Theophylline

0.134

0.515

1.14 (0.42,3.14)

0.794

 Oral steroids

−0.281

0.218

0.76 (0.49,1.16)

0.197

 Inhaled LABA

−0.363

0.486

0.70 (0.27,1.80)

0.455

 Inhaled LAMA

−0.369

0.245

0.69 (0.43,1.12)

0.133

 Inhaled ICS*

0.412

0.210

1.51 (1.00,2.28)

0.049

 Ischemic heart disease

0.312

0.362

1.37 (0.67,2.77)

0.389

 Heart failure

−0.549

0.537

0.58 (0.20,1.66)

0.307

 Hypertension

0.409

0.220

1.50 (0.98,2.32)

0.063

 Arrhythmia

0.438

0.487

1.55 (0.60,4.03)

0.368

 Depression

1.294

0.797

3.65 (0.76,17.4)

0.105

 Anxiety

−0.124

0.823

0.88 (0.18,4.43)

0.880

 CAT score*

0.085

0.017

1.09 (1.05,1.13)

<0.001

 mMRC score*

0.264

0.125

1.30 (1.02,1.66)

0.035

  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, FEV 1 forced expiratory volume in the first second, ICS inhaled corticosteroids, LABA long-acting beta agonist, LAMA long-acting muscarinic antagonist, CAT COPD assessment test, mMRC modified Medical Research Council, CI confidence interval
  2. *p < 0.05