Table 2 Daily nutrient intake of all subjects by tertiles of dietary patterns
From: Dietary patterns are associated with lung function among Spanish smokers without respiratory disease
Nutrient intake | Alcohol-consumption pattern | Westernised pattern | Mediterranean-like pattern | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | |
Energy intake, Kcal | 2410.9 ± 319.2 | 2480.6 ± 296.1 | 2466.5 ± 269.7 | 2369.6 ± 267.2 | 2420.4 ± 276.8 | 2568.0 ± 308.9#,¥ | 2267.8 ± 215.1 | 2409.7 ± 237.6* | 2680.7 ± 270.2#,¥ |
Carbohydrate, g | 267.7 ± 58.3 | 268.3 ± 54.4 | 254.3 ± 42.7 | 251.7 ± 46.3 | 259.0 ± 50.5 | 279.6 ± 56.4#,¥ | 239.6 ± 41.0 | 258.3 ± 48.1 | 292.5 ± 53.4#,¥ |
Protein, g | 83.1 ± 11.2 | 87.4 ± 10.6 | 86.5 ± 11.8 | 84.1 ± 11,6 | 84.2 ± 10.3 | 88.7 ± 11.7#,¥ | 77.0 ± 7.7 | 84.2 ± 7.5* | 95.8 ± 9.7#,¥ |
Fat, g | 107.7 ± 8.1 | 112.2 ± 8.4* | 113.3 ± 9.9# | 108.1 ± 8.7 | 109.8 ± 8.4 | 115.4 ± 8.7#,¥ | 104.5 ± 5.7 | 109.9 ± 6.1* | 119.0 ± 8.7#,¥ |
SF, mg | 30.8 ± 3.6 | 32.7 ± 3.7* | 32.6 ± 4.1# | 30.5 ± 3.7 | 31.6 ± 3.4 | 34.2 ± 3.6#,¥ | 29.7 ± 2.6 | 31.6 ± 3.2* | 35.0 ± 3.8#,¥ |
MUFA, mg | 56.8 ± 3.1 | 58.6 ± 3.2* | 59.4 ± 3.9# | 56.9 ± 3.3 | 57.8 ± 3.3 | 60.0 ± 3.4#,¥ | 55.7 ± 2.2 | 57.8 ± 2.3* | 61.2 ± 3.4#,¥ |
PUFA, mg | 11.8 ± 1.0 | 12.3 ± 1.1 | 12.7 ± 1.4# | 12.2 ± 1.2 | 12.1 ± 1.2 | 12.5 ± 1.2 | 11.4 ± 0.7 | 12.1 ± 0.7* | 13.3 ± 1.1#,¥ |
Cholesterol, mg | 323.6 ± 61.2 | 356.2 ± 54.8* | 365.3 ± 78.8# | 332.3 ± 66.1 | 337.9 ± 67.9 | 374.8 ± 62.2#,¥ | 313.3 ± 48.7 | 334.1 ± 48.6 | 397.8 ± 72.6#,¥ |
Fibre, g | 18.8 ± 3.5 | 18.7 ± 3.5 | 18.6 ± 3.2 | 19.4 ± 3.4 | 18.3 ± 3.4 | 18.4 ± 3.5 | 16.4 ± 2.6 | 18.5 ± 2.8* | 21.2 ± 3.0#,¥ |
Alcohol, g | 5.51 ± 3.8 | 6.83 ± 4.0 | 11.93 ± 6.3#,¥ | 7.46 ± 5.1 | 8.55 ± 5.5 | 8.26 ± 6.1 | 8.95 ± 5.6 | 7.23 ± 5.1 | 8.09 ± 5.9 |
Mg, mg | 277.6 ± 40.9 | 286.6 ± 41.5 | 299.3 ± 43.2# | 285.9 ± 44.8 | 280.6 ± 40.5 | 297.0 ± 41.3 | 256,2 ± 29.3 | 283.0 ± 28.8* | 324.4 ± 37.7#,¥ |
Ca, mg | 848.1 ± 198.3 | 863.8 ± 175.5 | 938.1 ± 170.1# | 867.8 ± 208.3 | 866.5 ± 178.3 | 915.7 ± 164.1 | 806.5 ± 165.8 | 873.7 ± 179.4 | 969.7 ± 174.3#,¥ |
Fe, mg | 11.8 ± 1.9 | 12.0 ± 1.7 | 12.4 ± 1.7 | 11.8 ± 1.8 | 11.8 ± 1.7* | 12.5 ± 1.8#,¥ | 10.6 ± 1.1 | 11.8 ± 1.1* | 13.7 ± 1.5#,¥ |
β-carotene, mg | 2241.1 ± 507.3 | 2210.7 ± 584.9 | 2178.3 ± 539.9 | 2549.2 ± 522.8 | 2162.5 ± 488.7 | 1918.3 ± 418.8#,¥ | 1879.2 ± 431.8 | 2270.2 ± 499.1* | 2480.7 ± 518.0#,¥ |
Retinol, mcg | 504.2 ± 111.9 | 559.1 ± 106.5* | 552.4 ± 107.6# | 497.6 ± 91.6 | 527.7 ± 102.3 | 590.4 ± 117.8#,¥ | 493.5 ± 69.7 | 527.0 ± 106.4 | 595.3 ± 125.0#,¥ |
Folate, ng | 289.7 ± 47.4 | 296.1 ± 51.3 | 302.6 ± 51.6 | 314.9 ± 54.4 | 290.3 ± 47.2* | 283.2 ± 43.3# | 260.3 ± 35.4 | 291.4 ± 33.5* | 336.7 ± 47.4* |
Vitamin B1, mg | 1.32 ± 0.2 | 1.39 ± 0.2 | 1.42 ± 0.2# | 1.34 ± 0.2 | 1.37 ± 0.2 | 1.41 ± 0.2 | 1.24 ± 0.2 | 1.36 ± 0.1* | 1.54 ± 0.2#,¥ |
Vitamin B6, mg | 1.90 ± 0.3 | 1.94 ± 0.3 | 1.99 ± 0.3 | 1.97 ± 0.3 | 1.91 ± 0.3 | 1.95 ± 0.3 | 1.73 ± 0.2 | 1.91 ± 0.2* | 2.18 ± 0.2#,¥ |
Vitamin B12, mg | 6.58 ± 1.1 | 7.04 ± 1.1* | 7.03 ± 1.1 | 6.68 ± 1.1 | 6.72 ± 1.0 | 7.25 ± 1.2#,¥ | 6.29 ± 0.8 | 6.74 ± 0.9* | 7.63 ± 1.2#,¥ |
Vitamin C, mg | 98.1 ± 25.5 | 97.9 ± 30.6 | 97.2 ± 26.2 | 114.4 ± 26.5 | 92.6 ± 26.5* | 86.1 ± 20.6# | 81.3 ± 22.0 | 97.8 ± 24.8* | 114.1 ± 25.0#,¥ |
Vitamin D, mcg | 2.96 ± 0.7 | 2.87 ± 0.7 | 2.73 ± 0.7 | 3.19 ± 0.7 | 2.71 ± 0.6* | 2.66 ± 0.7#,¥ | 2.60 ± 0.6 | 2.72 ± 0.5 | 3.25 ± 0.8#,¥ |
Vitamin E, mg | 11.0 ± 0.8 | 11.3 ± 1.0 | 11.6 ± 1.2# | 11.5 ± 1.1 | 11.1 ± 1.0* | 11.2 ± 1.0 | 10.5 ± 0.6 | 11.2 ± 0.7* | 12.1 ± 1.0#,¥ |