Table 3 Multinomial logistic regression model predicting symptom class membership
From: Symptom profiles and inflammatory markers in moderate to severe COPD
Variables | Low-Phys/Mod-Psych vs. Low-Phys/Low-Psych | High-Phys/Mod-Psych vs. Low-Phys/Low-Psych | High-Phys/High-Psych vs. Low-Phys/Low-Psych | High-Phys/Mod-Psych vs. Low-Phys/Mod-Psych | High-Phys/High-Psych vs. Low-Phys/Mod-Psych | High-Phys/High-Psych vs. High-Phys/Mod-Psych |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds Ratio (95%CI) | Odds Ratio (95%CI) | Odds Ratio (95%CI) | Odds Ratio (95%CI) | Odds Ratio (95%CI) | Odds Ratio (95%CI) | |
Socio-Demographics | ||||||
 Age, years | 0.94* (0.89–0.99) | 0.94* (0.89–0.99) | 0.87*** (0.83–0.92) | 1.00 (0.94–1.05) | 0.93** (0.88–0.98) | 0.93** (0.89–0.98) |
 Females | 1.73 (0.56–5.33) | 1.89 (0.65–5.50) | 1.99 (0.70–5.66) | 1.09 (0.42–2.85) | 1.15 (0.46–2.89) | 1.06 (0.48–2.32) |
 Education, some college+ | 4.33** (1.57–11.9) | 3.63** (1.46–9.00) | 2.71* (1.10–6.69) | 0.84 (0.29–2.44) | 0.63 (0.22–1.79) | 0.75 (0.32–1.74) |
 Income, > $20,000/year | 0.96 (0.41–2.25) | 0.65 (0.29–1.46) | 0.63 (0.28–1.41) | 0.68 (0.30–1.53) | 0.66 (0.30–1.46) | 0.97 (0.49–1.94) |
 Currently smoking | 1.31 (0.50–3.44) | 1.37 (0.53–3.56) | 0.89 (0.35–2.27) | 1.05 (0.43–2.58) | 0.68 (0.28–1.63) | 0.65 (0.29–1.43) |
Disease Severity/Burden | ||||||
 6-min walk test (for every 100 feet change) | 1.00 (0.88–1.14) | 0.91 (0.81–1.03) | 0.91 (0.80–1.02) | 0.91 (0.81–1.03) | 0.91 (0.81–1.02) | 0.99 (0.90–1.10) |
 FEV1% predicted | 0.99 (0.96–1.02) | 0.99 (0.96–1.01) | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | 1.02 (1.00–1.05) | 1.03*(1.00–1.05) |
 O2 supplementation | 0.93 (0.33–2.63 | 2.02 (0.81–5.05) | 3.18*(1.21–8.36) | 2.16 (0.84–5.59) | 3.41* (1.29–9.01) | 1.58 (0.71–3.51) |
Number of co-morbidities | ||||||
 0 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 1 | 0.84 (0.35–2.05) | 1.42 (0.60–3.33) | 1.16 (0.49–2.71) | 1.68 (0.68–4.16) | 1.37 (0.56–1.33) | 0.82 (0.38–1.78) |
 2 or more | 2.14 (0.75–6.14) | 2.76 (0.97–7.85) | 1.91 (0.65–5.62) | 1.29 (0.48–3.44) | 0.89 (0.33–2.40) | 0.69 (0.28–1.69) |
 Body mass index | 1.01 (0.93–1.09) | 1.05 (0.98–1.13) | 1.01 (0.94–1.08) | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | 1.00 (0.93–1.07) | 0.96 (0.91–1.02) |
Depression history | ||||||
 None | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 First episode < = 40 y/o | 1.70 (0.70–4.12) | 2.66* (1.10–6.41) | 6.31*** (2.49–16.0) | 1.56 (0.63–3.90) | 3.71** (1.41–9.71) | 2.37 (0.99–5.69) |
 First episode > 40 y/o | 1.61 (0.57–4.59) | 3.11*(1.15–8.45) | 6.55*** (2.27–18.9) | 1.93 (0.68–5.49) | 4.07* (1.36–12.2) | 2.10 (0.79–5.59) |
 IL-7 pg/ml > 75th centile | 0.61 (0.23–1.59) | 0.62 (0.24–1.55) | 0.81 (0.33–2.04) | 1.01 (0.37–2.78) | 1.33 (0.50–3.58) | 1.32 (0.55–3.17) |
 IL-8 pg/ml > 75th centile | 0.81 (0.33–1.96) | 0.42 (0.17–1.04) | 0.36* (0.14–0.89) | 0.52 (0.20–1.32) | 0.44 (0.18–1.10) | 0.85 (0.35–2.04) |
 hsCRP > 3 mg/dl | 1.18 (0.53–2.59) | 0.41*(0.19–0.90) | 0.92 (0.42–1.99) | 0.35*(0.16–0.78) | 0.78 (0.36–1.70) | 2.22*(1.08–4.58) |