|
Variables
|
Male
|
Female
|
All
|
|---|
|
β
|
95% CI
|
p values
|
β
|
95% CI
|
p values
|
β
|
95% CI
|
p values
|
|---|
|
FVC % Predicted
|
|
Waist-to-height
|
−61.48
|
−98.00, −24,96
|
0.001
|
−14.76
|
−36.94, 7.41
|
0.190
|
−26.8
|
−46.61, −6.93
|
0.002
|
|
Waist circumference
|
−0.39
|
−0.60, −0.18
|
<0.001
|
−0.07
|
−0.21 0.07
|
0.328
|
−0.22
|
−0.34, −0.10
|
<0.001
|
|
BMI, continuous
|
−0.79
|
−1.19, −0.39
|
<0.001
|
−0.37
|
−0.67, −0.07
|
0.016
|
−0.59
|
−0.83, −0.34
|
<0.001
|
|
BMI categorizationa
|
|
< 25.0 kg/m2
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
|
25.0–29.9 kg/m2
|
−4.67
|
−8.67, −0.66
|
0.023
|
−1.51
|
−4.94, 1.92
|
0.388
|
−4.21
|
−6.81, −1.60
|
0.002
|
|
≥ 30.0 kg/m2
|
−9.19
|
−13.82, −4.54
|
<0.001
|
−3.21
|
−7.45, 1.04
|
0.138
|
−67.25
|
−10.38, −4.13
|
<0.001
|
|
FEV1 % Predicted
|
|
Waist-to-height
|
−59.91
|
−102.94, −16.88
|
0.007
|
−2.99
|
−27.32, 21.34
|
0.808
|
−16.94
|
−39.77, 5.88
|
0.145
|
|
Waist circumference
|
−0.40
|
−0.65, −0.15
|
0.002
|
−0.02
|
−0.17, 0.13
|
0.787
|
−0.20
|
−0.33, −0.06
|
0.005
|
|
BMI, continuous
|
−0.52
|
−0.99, −0.05
|
0.029
|
−0.10
|
−0.41, 0.22
|
0.547
|
−0.32
|
−0.59, −0.04
|
0.024
|
|
BMI categorizationa
|
|
< 25.0 kg/m2
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
|
25.0–29.9 kg/m2
|
−0.78
|
−5.52, 3.96
|
0.609
|
1.43
|
−2.18, 5.04
|
0.436
|
−1.01
|
−3.95, 1.93
|
0.502
|
|
≥ 30.0 kg/m2
|
−5.39
|
−10.87, 0.99
|
0.054
|
0.08
|
−4.38, 4.54
|
0.971
|
−2.77
|
−6.25, 0.70
|
0.118
|
|
FEV1/FVC ratio
|
|
Waist-to-height
|
1.13
|
−17.93, 20.20
|
0.907
|
11.58
|
1.46, 21.70
|
0.025
|
9.58
|
−0.16, 19.32
|
0.054
|
|
Waist circumference
|
0.01
|
−0.10, 0.12
|
0.917
|
0.05
|
−0.01, 0.12
|
0.113
|
0.02
|
−0.04, 0.08
|
0.512
|
|
BMI, continuous
|
0.24
|
0.11, 0.38
|
<0.001
|
0.31
|
0.11, 0.50
|
0.002
|
0.26
|
0.14, 0.37
|
<0.001
|
|
BMI categorizationa
|
|
< 25.0 kg/m2
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
Ref.
|
|
25.0–29.9 kg/m2
|
3.76
|
1.79, 5.73
|
<0.001
|
2.23
|
0.71, 3.75
|
0.004
|
2.43
|
1.20, 3.65
|
<0.001
|
|
≥ 30.0 kg/m2
|
3.81
|
1.53, 6.09
|
0.001
|
3.10
|
1.17, 4.93
|
0.002
|
2.89
|
1.42, 4.36
|
<0.001
|
- Adjusted by social class, smoking cumulative consumption, physical activity, alcohol consumption, medical history hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia
- FVC Forced vital capacity, FEV1 Maximum expiratory volume in the first second of a forced exhalation; β: regression coefficient for each exposure variable, CI Confidence interval, BMI Body mass index
- aAccording to the WHO classifications of body weight: normal weight (<25.0 kg/m2), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2) and obese (≥30.0 kg/m2) [7]
