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Table 4 Odds Ratios (OR) with p values for predictors for respiratory symptoms in the past 30 days of restaurant workers

From: Cooking smoke and respiratory symptoms of restaurant workers in Thailand

Predictors

Coughing

Having sputum

Sore throat

Shortness of breath

Wheezing

Nasal irritation

Allergic symptom

Having a cold

Having any one symptoms

À la carte restaurant vs. other type

1.27 (0.75–2.18)

P = 0.38

0.97 (0.53–1.78)

P = 0.93

0.92 (0.51–1.67)

P = 0.78

0.94 (0.35–2.50)

P = 0.90

0.66 (0.28–1.58)

P = .035

0.31 (0.08–1.22)

P = 0.09

0.66 (0.29–1.53)

P = 0.34

0.90 (0.49–1.65)

P = 0.74

0.91 (0.51–1.61)

P = 0.74

Noodle vs à la carte restaurant

1.68 (0.47–6.05)

P = 0.43

1.61 (0.33–7.93)

P = 0.56

0.93 (0.23–3.75)

P = 0.92

NA

0.83 (0.09–7.28)

P = 0.86

NA

0.42 (0.08–2.19)

P = 0.30

0.94 (0.24–3.78)

P = 0.94

(0.28–3.72)

P = 0.98

Pre-prepared food vs à la carte restaurant

1.19 (0.29–4.88)

P = 0.81

1.37 (0.24–7.81)

P = 0.72

0.75 (0.16–3.55)

P = 0.71

NA

1.96 (0.20–18.88)

P = 0.56

NA

0.53 (0.08–3.42)

P = 0.50

1.12 (0.25–5.13)

P = 0.88

0.72 (0.17–2.98)

P = 0.65

Papaya salad vs à la carte restaurant

1.50 (0.39–5.87)

P = 0.56

2.05 (0.39–10.80)

P = 0.40

1.22 (0.28–5.32)

P = 0.79

NA

0.91 (0.09–8.94)

P = 0.93

NA

0.63 (0.11–3.64)

P = 0.61

(0.23–4.43)

P = 0.99

1.70 (0.41–7.04)

P = 0.47

Working 6–10 year vs 0–5 years

1.33 (0.72–2.45)

P = 0.37

0.82 (0.40–1.70)

P = 0.59

0.99 (0.49–1.98)

P = 0.97

0.49 (0.14–1.71)

P = 0.26

1.11 (0.41–2.98)

P = 0.84

1.84 (0.39–8.82)

P = 0.44

1.03 (0.39–2.69)

P = 0.95

1.04 (0.51–2.13)

P = 0.91

1.64 (0.84–3.20)

P = 0.15

Working >10 year vs 0–5 years

0.80 (0.36–1.77)

P = 0.58

2.03 (0.87–4.73)

P = 0.10

1.46 (0.63–3.37)

P = 0.38

0.86 (0.24–3.16)

P = 0.82

0.65 (0.17–2.46)

P = 0.52

2.30 (0.38–14.12)

P = 0.37

0.83 (0.24–2.84)

P = 0.77

1.86 (0.78–4.41)

P = 0.16

1.12 (0.48–2.58)

P = 0.80

Chef vs others

1.83 (1.03–3.27)

P = 0.04*

1.77 (0.90–3.47)

P = 0.10

0.95 (0.51–1.79)

P = 0.88

0.63 (0.23–1.71)

P = 0.36

1.25 (0.48–3.26)

P = 0.65

2.14 (0.43–10.51)

P = 0.35

1.09 (0.44–2.70)

P = 0.85

1.09 (0.57–2.06)

P = 0.80

1.59 (0.87–2.89)

P = 0.13

Having vs not having kitchen area

1.35 (0.69–2.63)

P = 0.38

1.51 (0.68–3.39)

P = 0.32

1.99 (0.86–4.58)

P = 0.11

0.80 (0.25–2.63)

P = 0.72

2.73 (0.61–12.25)

P = 0.19

2.28 (0.28–18.60)

P = 0.44

NA

3.46 (1.29–9.27)

P = 0.02*

1.73 (0.88–3.41)

P = 0.12

Large vs. small restaurantb

1.82 (1.02–3.25)

P = 0.04*

2.10 (1.12–3.94)

P = 0.02*

2.51 (1.34–4.67)

P < 0.01*

0.84 (0.28–2.51)

P = 0.76

1.91 (0.78–4.65)

P = 0.16

1.56 (0.42–5.74)

P = 0.51

2.37 (1.01–5.54)

P = 0.05*

1.61 (0.85–3.02)

P = 0.14

3.57 (1.72–7.42)

P < 0.01*

Vegetable oil vs. larda

0.54 (0.28–1.04)

P = 0.06

0.82 (0.40–1.69)

P = 0.59

1.08 (0.52–2.25)

P = 0.85

0.75 (0.25–2.31)

P = 0.62

1.05 (0.36–3.06)

P = 0.94

2.67 (0.32–22.09)

P = 0.36

1.56 (0.50–4.89)

P = 0.44

2.80 (1.11–6.97)

P = 0.03*

1.30

(0.65–2.62) P = 0.45

Having vs. not having ventilation hood

0.67 (0.39–1.14)

P = 0.14

0.75 (0.41–1.38)

P = 0.36

1.15 (0.64–2.09)

P = 0.64

0.75 (0.28–2.01)

P = 0.57

1.08 (0.45–2.60)

P = 0.86

0.41 (0.10–1.65)

P = 0.21

0.92 (0.40–2.13)

P = 0.85

0.83 (0.45–1.51)

P = 0.53

0.73 (0.41–1.28)

P = 0.27

Per 10 h increase in working in kitchen each week

1.07 (0.96–1.20)

P = 0.19

1.14 (1.01–1.28)

P = 0.04*

1.13 (1.00–1.27)

P = 0.04*

1.26 (1.05–1.49)

P = 0.01*

1.22 (1.04–1.42)

P = 0.02*

1.16 (0.94–1.44)

P = 0.17

1.03 (0.88–1.21)

P = 0.70

1.05 (0.94–1.18)

P = 0.38

1.16 (1.02–1.32)

P = 0.02*

Fry 2–350 dishes per week vs. no fry

1.84 (0.83–4.04)

P = 0.13

1.31 (0.54–3.17)

P = 0.55

1.88 (0.74–4.78)

P = 0.19

1.81 (0.43–7.68)

P = 0.42

2.81 (0.54–14.63)

P = 0.22

0.76 (0.10–5.79)

P = 0.80

0.72 (0.19–2.75)

P = 0.63

0.73 (0.30–1.77)

P = 0.49

2.53 (1.05–6.05)

P = 0.04*

Fry 351–745 dishes per week vs. no fry

1.80 (0.79–4.13)

P = 0.16

0.94 (0.36–2.49)

P = 0.90

2.44 (0.93–6.40)

P = 0.07

1.47 (0.30–7.13)

P = 0.63

5.19 (1.02–26.53)

P = 0.05*

1.61 (0.25–10.25)

P = 0.62

1.06 (0.28–4.02)

P = 0.93

0.61 (0.23–1.59)

P = 0.31

1.65 (0.69–3.95)

P = 0.26

Fry ≥746 dishes per week v. no fry

1.43 (0.63–3.26)

P = 0.40

1.78 (0.72–4.41)

P = 0.21

1.52 (0.57–4.06)

P = 0.40

0.53 (0.08–3.46)

P = 0.51

1.76 (0.30–10.47)

P = 0.53

1.28 (0.20–8.40)

P = 0.80

0.82 (0.21–3.15)

P = 0.77

1.29 (0.54–3.11)

P = 0.57

1.37 (0.58–3.25)

P = 0.47

Cooking every day at home vs. not cook at home

3.88 (1.35–11.14)

P = 0.01*

4.60 (1.02–20.79)

P = 0.05*

2.69 (0.75–9.72)

P = 0.13

1.59 (0.19–13.48)

P = 0.67

3.24 (0.40–26.16)

P = 0.27

NA

3.56 (0.45–28.23)

P = 0.23

4.19 (0.93–18.95)

P = 0.06

5.62 (2.09–15.12)

P < 0.01*

Cooking some days at home vs. not cook at home

2.93 (0.97–8.87)

P = 0.06

3.74 (0.79–17.78)

P = 0.10

2.98 (0.79–11.32)

P = 0.11

2.94 (0.34–25.62)

P = 0.33

1.67 (0.18–15.40)

P = 0.65

NA

1.72 (0.19–15.70)

P = 0.63

4.71 (1.00–22.20)

P = 0.05*

5.54 (1.92–16.01)

P < 0.01*

TWC every day vs. never TWC

3.66 (1.63–8.20)

P < 0.01*

3.60 (1.35–9.61)

P = 0.01*

3.00 (1.17–7.66)

P = 0.02*

2.21 (0.41–11.84)

P = 0.35

6.41 (1.34–30.64)

P = 0.02*

1.18 (0.18–7.69)

P = 0.86

4.39 (1.14–16.85)

P = 0.03*

1.47 (0.59–3.65)

P = 0.41

6.35 (2.56–15.78)

P < 0.01*

TWC some days vs. never TWC

2.33 (1.16–4.67)

P = 0.02*

2.82 (1.15–6.95)

P = 0.02*

2.47 (1.04–5.83)

P = 0.04*

2.50 (0.52–12.00)

P = 0.25

2.01 (0.41–9.84)

P = 0.39

1.22 (0.23–6.51)

P = 0.82

1.52 (0.39–5.85)

P = 0.55

1.77 (0.81–3.87)

P = 0.15

2.79 (1.42–5.49)

<0.01*

  1. NA Not available since the sample size was too small for statistical calculation
  2. a Vegetable oil refers to palm oil and bean oil
  3. b Size of restaurant is defined by number of kitchen stoves. Small restaurants are those with 1–3 stoves, and big restaurants are those with more than 3 stoves
  4. * Statistically significantly different with P <0.05