Table 4 Predictors of correct steps of inhaler technique using ordinal logistic regression for all steps 0–12 and critical steps 0–4

Predictor of correct steps (0–12)

Odds ratio

Lo95

Up95

p value

Self score 1–10

1.25

1.1

1.42

0.001

Education 1–4

1.6

1.16

2.2

0.004

Observed to use spacer

0.43

0.24

0.8

0.008

GP explained

3.3

1.35

8.09

0.009

Male gender

2.07

1.15

3.71

0.015

Pneumococcal vaccine

2.36

1.14

4.86

0.02

Heart disease

0.43

0.2

0.9

0.026

Inhaled steroid use

2.45

0.98

6.1

0.054

Resp explained number of times

1.11

0.99

1.25

0.068

Any follow up

0.38

0.12

1.22

0.104

High cholesterol

0.58

0.3

1.12

0.104

Times explained by GP

0.88

0.74

1.04

0.126

Other healthcare-explained

1.55

0.86

2.8

0.147

Predictor of correct critical steps

Odds Ratio

Lo95

Up95

p value

Self score 1–10

1.2

1.05

1.36

0.006

Inhaled steroid use

2.78

1.1

7.02

0.031

Education 1–4

1.41

1.02

1.95

0.036

High cholesterol

0.52

0.26

1.01

0.054

Male gender

1.76

0.97

3.18

0.063

Resp explained number of times

1.1

0.98

1.24

0.101

Observed to use spacer

0.62

0.33

1.15

0.129

Married status

1.55

0.85

2.82

0.15