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Table 3 Comparison of the clinical and laboratory features between patients who received lavage (n = 40) and those who did not (n = 38)

From: Clinical significance of cigarette smoking and dust exposure in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: a Korean national survey

Variablesa

No Lavage (n = 40)

Lavage (n = 38)

P value

Age (median years [IQR])

46 (39–54)

49 (44–61)

0.089

Male

24 (60.0)

23 (60.5)

0.962

Smoking status (n = 73)

  

0.878

 Never smoker

19 (50.0)

15 (42.9)

 

 Ex-smoker

9 (23.7)

9 (25.7)

 

 Current smoker

10 (26.3)

11 (31.4)

 

Presence of symptoms

24 (60.0)

38 (100.0)

<0.001

 Presence of dyspnea

16 (40.0)

34 (89.5)

<0.001

Presence of dust exposure (n = 71)

19 (48.7)

15 (46.9)

0.403

Type of exposed dust

 Farming

0 (0)

5 (33.3)

0.011

 Metal

6 (31.6)

3 (20.0)

0.697

 Stone or sand

6 (31.6)

1 (6.7)

0.104

 Chemical or paint

4 (21.0)

2 (13.3)

0.672

 Diesel

3 (15.8)

2 (13.3)

1.000

 Textile

0 (0)

1 (6.7)

0.441

 Wood

0 (0)

1 (6.7)

0.441

Disease severity scoreb (n = 65)

  

0.001

 1

9 (31.0)

0 (0)

 

 2

13 (44.8)

20 (55.6)

 

 3

7 (24.1)

9 (25.0)

 

 4

0 (0)

4 (11.1)

 

 5

0 (0)

3 (8.3)

 

FVC % predicted

86.7 ± 15.8

75.5 ± 15.7

0.005

DLCO % predicted

82.3 ± 20.7

57.5 ± 23.3

<0.001

PaO2 mm Hg

88.2 ± 30.8

71.7 ± 15.4

0.006

D(A-a)O2 mm Hg

23.6 ± 14.5

31.6 ± 15.1

0.036

LDH U/L

389.4 ± 171.9

450.6 ± 188.6

0.239

CEA ng/mL

4.2 ± 1.9

10.3 ± 10.8

0.760

  1. IQR interquartile range, NA not applicable, FVC forced vital capacity, DL CO diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen
  2. aParametric data are shown as means (± standard deviation) and nonparametric data as medians and interquartile ranges (IQRs). Dichotomous or discontinuous variables are presented as numbers (%)
  3. bData on arterial blood gas analyses could not be obtained in 13 patients. The categories of score ranged from DSS 1 to DSS 5 as described previously17; DSS 1 = no symptoms and PaO2 ≥ 70 mmHg, DSS 2 = symptomatic and PaO2 ≥ 70 mmHg, DSS 3 = 60 mmHg ≤ PaO2 < 70 mmHg, DSS 4 = 50 mmHg ≤ PaO2 < 60 mmHg, DSS 5 = PaO2 < 50 mmHg