Fig. 1

Effect of TGF−β, pirfenidone and rapamycin on the viability of lung primary fibroblasts and A549 cells. Primary lung fibroblasts and bronchial epithelial human cells (A549) were incubated with pirfenidone (1 mg/ml) and rapamycin (1 μg/ml) in addition to the combination of the two agents with TGF−β (5 ng/ml) for 72 h, viability was measured with the WST reagent. No significant cytotoxic effect was observed for any combinatory treatments. The bars represent the mean values ± SEM of viability % related to control samples in three different experiments