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Table 1 Characteristics of the study sample

From: Relationship between pulmonary function and peripheral vascular function in older Chinese: Guangzhou biobank cohort study-CVD

 

All

Non-COPD

COPD

P value

Number

1528

1395

133

 

Age, y

59.3 ± 6.9

58.8 ± 6.6

64.7 ± 7.4

< 0.001

Education, n (%)

 ≤ Primary

420 (27.5)

361 (25.9)

59 (44.4)

< 0.001

 Middle school

913 (59.7)

855 (61.3)

58 (43.6)

 

 ≥ College

195 (12.8)

179 (12.8)

16 (12.0)

 

Smoking, n (%)

 Never

1033 (67.6)

998 (70.8)

45 (33.8)

< 0.001

 Former

230 (15.1)

198 (14.2)

32 (24.1)

 

 Current (0–29 pack-years)

127 (8.3)

107 (7.67)

20 (15.0)

 

 Current (≥ 30 pack-years)

138 (9.0)

102 (7.3)

36 (27.1)

 

IPAQ Physical activity, n (%)

 High

917 (60.1)

845 (60.6)

72 (54.2)

0.18

 Moderate

456 (29.8)

407 (29.2)

49 (36.8)

 

 Low

155 (10.1)

143 (10.3)

12 (9.0)

 

Body mass index, kg/m2

23.8 ± 3.1

23.9 ± 3.0

22.7 ± 3.0

< 0.001

Waist circumference, cm

78.5 ± 9.0

78.5 ± 9.0

78.8 ± 8.5

0.76

History of diseases

 Asthma, n (%)

19 (1.2)

19 (1.4)

0 (0.0)

0.18

 Hypertension, n (%)

526 (34.4)

471 (33.8)

55 (41.4)

0.08

 Diabetes, n (%)

95 (6.2)

84 (6.0)

11 (8.3)

0.31

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

127 ± 21

127 ± 20

133 ± 23

0.003

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

74 ± 11

74 ± 11

75 ± 11

0.16

Total cholesterol, mmol/l

5.82 ± 1.09

5.84 ± 1.09

5.59 ± 1.09

0.01

HDL-cholesterol, mmol/l

1.58 ± 0.40

1.58 ± 0.41

1.59 ± 0.37

0.92

LDL-cholesterol, mmol/l

3.36 ± 0.68

3.38 ± 0.68

3.22 ± 0.67

0.01

Triglycerides, mmol/l

1.83 ± 1.42

1.85 ± 1.46

1.58 ± 0.95

0.04

Fasting plasma glucose, mmol/l

5.59 ± 1.46

5.60 ± 1.51

5.51 ± 0.93

0.48

hs-CRP, mg/l (n = 1518)

2.51 ± 2.89

2.45 ± 2.80

3.13 ± 3.66

0.009

hs-CRP, mg/la

1.45 (1.37–1.53)

1.44 (1.34–1.55)

1.46 (1.35–1.58)

0.71

Aspirin, n (%)

66 (4.3)

61 (4.4)

5 (3.8)

0.74

Lipid lowering medication, n (%)

48 (3.1)

45 (3.2)

3 (2.3)

0.54

FEV1% predicted, %

96.1 ± 16.6

98.0 ± 14.8

75.7 ± 20.6

< 0.001

FVC% predicted, %

95.9 ± 14.7

96.5 ± 13.9

89.9 ± 20.3

< 0.001

FEV1/FVC ratio, %

78.4 ± 6.9

79.8 ± 5.0

63.8 ± 7.2

< 0.001

Mean baPWV, cm/s

1547 ± 298

1535 ± 294

1664 ± 323

< 0.001

Arterial stiffness, n (%)

980 (64.1)

879 (63.0)

101 (75.9)

0.003

ABI

1.09 ± 0.09

1.09 ± 0.09

1.08 ± 0.09

0.34

PAD, n (%)

29 (1.9)

23 (1.7)

6 (4.5)

0.02

  1. Results shown as mean ± standard deviation or number (%)
  2. aResults shown as geometric mean and 95% confidence interval
  3. IPAQ International Physical Activity Questionnaire, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, HDL high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein, hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, FEV 1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC forced vital capacity, baPWV brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, ABI ankle-brachial index, PAD peripheral arterial disease;
  4. COPD: FEV1/FVC < 0.70
  5. Asthma: self-reported doctor-diagnosed asthma
  6. Hypertension: systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, or self-reported use of antihypertensive medication
  7. Diabetes: fasting glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L and/or self-reported DM
  8. Arterial stiffness: baPWV≥1400 cm/s
  9. PAD: ABI < 0.9
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BMC Pulmonary Medicine

ISSN: 1471-2466

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