Prevalence % | Change in prevalence % (95% CI) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990–94 | 1999–2001 | 2010–2012 | 1990–2012 | p-value | |
Wheeze | 20.4 | 19.5 | 18.6 | −2.2 (−3.0, −1.5) | < 0.0001 |
Nocturnal chest tightness | 11.1 | 11.3 | 10.3 | −0.6 (−1.2, 0.1) | 0.08 |
Nocturnal breathlessness | 4.7 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 0.4 (−0.1, 0.8) | 0.10 |
Nocturnal dyspnea | 11.1 | 11.3 | 10.6 | −0.7 (−1.2, − 0.01) | 0.02 |
Nocturnal cough | 26.6 | 28.2 | 26.9 | 0.2 (−0.6, 1.1) | 0.55 |
Asthma attacks | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.2) | < 0.0001 |
Asthma medication | 3.6 | 5.5 | 7.6 | 4.1 (3.7, 4.5) | < 0.0001 |
Asthma | 4.5 | 6.4 | 8.3 | 4.0 (3.5, 4.5) | < 0.0001 |
Allergic rhinitis | 19.7 | 23.1 | 24.7 | 5.1 (4.5, 5.8) | < 0.0001 |
Smoking | 37.7 | 25.7 | 16.4 | −19.6 (−20.2, −18,9) | < 0.0001 |
Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) | 7.9 | 14.9 | 6.9.5 (6.4, 7.5) | < 0.0001 | |
Snoring | 17.8 | 24.2 | 6.3 (5.6, 7.2) | < 0.0001 | |
Gastroesophageal reflux | 7.0 | 7.3 | 0.2 (−0.4, 0.6) | 0.57 |