Table 1 Subjects characteristics with and without COPD in the 2009 EHIS
Variable | COPD (N/%) | No COPD (N/%) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Sex | |||
Males | 530 (51%) | 5709 (47%) | 0.012 |
Females | 508 (49%) | 6443 (53%) | |
Age group | |||
40–64 | 467 (45%) | 8366 (68.8%) | < 0.001 |
≥ 65 | 571 (55%) | 3785 (31.2%) | |
Living as a couple | |||
Yes | 707 (68.2%) | 8933 (73.6%) | < 0.001 |
Educational level | |||
No studies | 90 (8.7%) | 392 (3.2%) | < 0.001 |
Primary studies | 326 (31.5%) | 2086 (17.2%) | |
Secondary studies | 619 (59.8%) | 9657 (79.6%) | |
Area of residence | |||
< 50.000 | 512 (49.3%) | 5725 (47.1%) | 0.171 |
≥ 50.000 | 526 (50.7%) | 6426 (52.9%) | |
Smoking status | |||
Yes | 227 (24.1%) | 2954 (25.6%) | 0.313 |
BMI (cat.) | |||
< 30 kg.m−2 | 658 (70.8%) | 9153 (80.7%) | < 0.001 |
≥ 30 kg.m−2 | 271 (29.2%) | 2190 (19.3%) | |
Comorbidities | |||
None | 265 (25.6%) | 7909 (65.3%) | < 0.001 |
1 | 379 (36.7%) | 2985 (24.6%) | |
≥ 2 | 391 (37.8%) | 1226 (10.1%) | |
Self-rated health | |||
Very good/good | 315 (30.4%) | 7929 (65.2%) | < 0.001 |
Fair | 401 (38.6%) | 3016 (24.8%) | |
Bad/Very bad | 322 (31.0%) | 1206 (9.9%) | |
Mental illness | |||
Yes | 278 (27.0%) | 1555 (12.8%) | < 0.001 |
Hospital admission | |||
Yes | 234 (22.6%) | 1122 (9.2%) | < 0.001 |
OVERALL | 1038 (7.9%) | 12,151 (92.1%) | |