Table 1 Diagnostic yield and complication rate of BAL in immunocompromised patients presenting with lung infiltrates from a PubMed search since 2000
Study design | Inclusion criteria | BAL Procedures (patient number) | Diagnostic yield % | Complication rate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reichenberger et al., 2001 [16] | Retrospective | Post renal transplant | 91 (71) | 69% (63/91) | – |
Hohenadel et al., 2001 [13] | Retrospective | Hematology patients | 95 (95) | 65% (62/95) | 16% (15/95) |
Rano et al., 2001 [17] | Prospective | Mixed etiology but HIV patients excluded | 135 (200) | 51% (68/135) | 2% (3/135) |
Taggart et al., 2002 [18] | Retrospective | HIV patients | 216 (174) | 50% (108/216) | – |
Danés et al., 2002 [9] | Prospective | Mixed aetiology including HIV | 134 (241) | 52% (70/134) | – |
Jain et al., 2004 [19] | Prospective | Mixed etiology, HIV excluded | 99 (104) | 38% (48/125) | 14% (8/59) |
Bissinger et al., 2005 [20] | Retrospective | Hematology patients | 95 (77) | 56% (53/95) | – |
Peikert et al., 2005 [14] | Retrospective | Neutropenia | 35 (35) | 49% (17/35) | 9% (3/35) |
Hofmeister et al., 2006 [21] | Retrospective | Hematopoietic stem cell transplant | 91 (78) | 49% (45/91) | 8% (7/91) |
Vélez et al., 2007 [10] | Prospective | Mixed aetiology including HIV | 109 (101) | 49% (60/122) | – |
Boersma et al., 2007 [22] | Prospective | Hematological malignancy | 35 (32) | 26% (9/35) | – |
Burger, 2007 [23] | Retrospective | Hematopoietic stem cell transplant | 27 (21) | 52% (14/27) | 52% (11/21) |
Cordani et al., 2008 [24] | Prospective | Hematological malignancy | 25 (24) | 44% (11/25) | – |
Hummel et al., 2008 [25] | Retrospective | Hematological malignancy | 246 (199) | 48% (118/246) | 1% (3/249) |
Shannon et al., 2010 [26] | Retrospective | Hematopoietic stem cell transplant | 598 (501) | 55% (329/598) | 12% (74/598) |
Sampsonas et al., 2011 [15] | Prospective | Mixed etiology but HIV patients excluded | 284 (284) | 34% (96/284) | 4% (10/284) |
Kottmann et al., 2011 [27] | Retrospective | Mixed etiology | 190 (190) | 56% (106/190) | – |
Gilbert et al., 2012 [28] | Retrospective | Hematopoietic stem cell transplant | 145 (144) | 53% (77/145) | 30% (49/162) |
Brownback et al., 2013 [11] | Retrospective | Mixed aetiology including HIV | 150 (133) | 52.5% (79/150) | 7% (11/150) |
Kim et al., 2015 [29] | Retrospective | Hematologic malignancy | 206 (187) | 65% (134/ 206) | – |
Svensson et al., 2017 [30] | Retrospective | Hematologic malignancy | 151 (133) | 39% (59/151) | 13% (20/151) |
Sakata et al., 2017 [31] | Retrospective | Hematopoietic stem cell transplant | 179 (125) | 40% (71/179) | – |