Table 2 Population characteristics
From: Determinants of frailty in primary care patients with COPD: the Greek UNLOCK study
| Â | TOTAL | NON-FRAIL | FRAIL-DISABLE | P-VALUEa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 257 | N = 45 (18%) | N = 208 (82%)b | ||
Age; mean (SD) | 65 (12.3) | 57.3 (11.3) | 64.7 (11.6) | <0.001 |
BMI; mean (SD) | 29 (5.3) | 29 (4.7) | 29 (5.3) | 0.849 |
Males; n (%) | 204 (79.4) | 36 (80.0) | 162 (79.0) | 0.884 |
Marital status; n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.005 |
Married/with partner | 208 (84.2) | 35 (81.4) | 171 (85.1) | |
Widower | 24 (9.7) | 1 (2.3) | 22 (10.9) | |
Divorced or never married | 15 (6.1) | 7 (16.3) | 8 (4.0) | |
Occupational status; n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.088 |
Employed | 74 (33.3) | 17 (45.9) | 53 (29.4) | |
Unemployed/housewife | 25 (11.3) | 5 (13.5) | 20 (11.1) | |
Retired | 123 (55.4) | 15 (40.5) | 107 (59.4) | |
Smoking status; n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.091 |
Current | 143 (55.6) | 31 (68.9) | 106 (51.7) | |
Ex | 83 (32.3) | 9 (20.0) | 73 (35.6) | |
Never | 31 (12.1) | 5 (11.1) | 26 (12.7) | |
Pack-years; median (min-max) | 40 (10–200) | 40 (20–100) | 40 (10–200) | 0.197 |
Main symptom; n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.458 |
Cough | 96 (37.9) | 15 (34.1) | 76 (37.4) | |
Dyspnea | 135 (53.4) | 23 (17.2) | 111 (54.7) | |
Else (Wheezing, chest tightness, phlegm) | 22 (8.7) | 6 (13.6) | 16 (7.9) | |
CAT symptom severity; n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.002 |
< 10 | 22 (8.9) | 10 (23.3) | 12 (6.1) | |
≥10 | 224 (91.1) | 33 (77.7) | 184 (93.9) | |
mMRC symptom severity; n (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
0–1 | 100 (39.4) | 33 (73.3) | 66 (32.4) | |
≥2 | 154 (60.6) | 12 (26.7) | 138 (67.6) | |
Number of exacerbations in the last 12 months; median (mix-max) | 1 (0–4) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–4) | 0.033 |
Number of hospitalisation in the last 12 months; median (min-max) | 0 (0–3) | 0 | 0 (0–3) | 0.100 |
GOLD 2017 – CAT; n (%) |  |  |  | 0.003 |
A | 11 (5.4) | 5 (14.3) | 6 (3.6) | |
B | 115 (56.4) | 21 (60.0) | 90 (54.5) | |
C | 3 (1.5) | 2 (5.7) | 1 (0.6) | |
D | 75 (36.8) | 7 (20.0) | 68 (41.2) | |
GOLD 2017 – mMRC; n (%) |  |  |  | <0.001 |
A | 57 (27.5) | 18 (50.0) | 39 (23.1) | |
B | 71 (34.3) | 9 (25.0) | 60 (35.5) | |
C | 20 (9.7) | 7 (19.4) | 13 (7.7) | |
D | 59 (28.5) | 2 (5.6) | 57 (33.7) | |
Type II Diabetes Mellitus; n (%) | 28 (11.0) | 3 (6.7) | 25 (12.3) | 0.279 |
Hypertension; n (%) | 186 (72.9) | 26 (59.1) | 156 (76.5) | 0.018 |
Hyperlipidaemia; n (%) | 63 (24.6) | 10 (22.2) | 51 (25.0) | 0.695 |
Coronary Heart Disease; n (%) | 32 (12.5) | 2 (4.4) | 30 (14.7) | 0.063 |
Thyroid disorder; n (%) | 19 (7.4) | 4 (8.9) | 15 (7.4) | 0.757 |
Osteoporosis; n (%) | 7 (2.7) | 1 (2.2) | 5 (2.5) | 0.999 |
Depression; n (%) | 23 (9) | 2 (4.4) | 21 (10.3) | 0.391 |
Gastro-oesophageal reflux; n (%) | 30 (11.7) | 9 (20.0) | 21 (10.3) | 0.07 |
Cancer (any); n (%) | 3 (1.2) | 1 (2.2) | 2 (1.0) | 0.452 |
≥2 comorbidities; n (%) | 108 (42.5) | 12 (27.3) | 95 (46.8) | 0.028 |