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Fig. 3 | BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Fig. 3

From: Ursolic acid alleviates airway-vessel remodeling and muscle consumption in cigarette smoke-induced emphysema rats

Fig. 3

UA alleviate oxidant stress and cell apoptosis in airways and associated vessels, attenuated EMT/EndMT in CS-induced emphysema rats. A IHC staining of lung sections showed that UA reduced α-SMA expression in airways and vessels in emphysema rat lung, especially in the epithelial and endothelial layers. Sham (a), CS (b), UA10 (c), UA20 (d), and UA40 (e). B IHC IOD of α-SMA expression in airways and vessels. IOD/Wat: /μm2 and IOD/Vat: /μm2 data are shown. #p < 0.05 ##p < 0.01 vs. Sham; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. CS. C IHC staining of lung sections showed that UA reduced S100A4 expression in airway and vessel, especially in the epithelial and endothelial layers. Sham (a), CS (b), UA10 (c), UA20 (d), and UA40 (e). D IHC IOD of S100A4 expression in airways and vessels. IOD/Wat: /μm2 and IOD/Vat: /μm2 data are shown. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 vs. Sham; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. CS. E IHC staining of lung sections showed that UA reduced 8-OHdG expression in airways and accompanying vessels in emphysema rat lungs, especially in the epithelial and endothelial layers. Sham (a), CS (b), UA10 (c), UA20 (d), and UA40 (e). F IHC IOD of 8-OHdG expression in airways and vessels. IOD/Wat: /μm2 and IOD/Vat: /μm2 data are shown. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 vs. Sham; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. CS. G IHC staining of lung sections showed that UA reduced cleaved-caspase3 expression in airways and accompanying vessels in emphysema rat lungs, especially in the epithelial and endothelial layers. Sham (a), CS (b), UA10 (c), UA20 (d), and UA40 (e). H IHC IOD of cleaved-caspase3 expression in airways and vessels. IOD/Wat: /μm2 and IOD/Vat: /μm2 data are shown. ##p < 0.01 vs. Sham; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. CS. UA: ursolic acid; CS: cigarette smoke (group); UA10: 10 mg/kg body weight UA administration group; UA20: 20 mg/kg body weight UA administration group; UA40: 40 mg/kg body weight UA administration; Pbm: airway or vessel basement membrane perimeter; Wat: airway wall area; Vat: vascular wall area; IHC: immunohistochemistry; IOD: integral optical density

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