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Fig. 2 | BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Fig. 2

From: The multiple systemic artery to pulmonary artery fistulas resulting in severe irreversible pulmonary arterial hypertension in patient with previous history of pneumothorax

Fig. 2

“Pulmonary angiography results. Retrograde filling of the right pulmonary artery is seen, representing fistulas between the subclavian and bronchial arteries and pulmonary artery”. a – right pulmonary artery; no contrast of the upper lobe arteries (arrow), b – left pulmonary artery, c, d – selective angiography of the upper lobe artery, visible contrast leaching (arrow) and lack of venous phase, e – selective angiography of the right subclavian artery, visible vascular malformation (arrow), f, g, h – selective angiography of fistula between left subclavian artery and pulmonary upper lobe artery, i, j – occlusion of fistula by balloon (5.0 20 mm), with subsequent selective angiography of the upper lobe artery, still visible contrast leaching (arrow) and lack of venous phase, k – selective angiography of the right subclavian artery, visible second vascular malformation (arrow), l – pulmonary angiography with contrast injected into an enlarged bronchial artery. Retrograde filling of the right pulmonary artery is seen, representing a fistula between the bronchial artery and pulmonary artery

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