Skip to main content

Table 1 Patient characteristics (the past 30 years; 1985–2015)

From: Primary ciliary dyskinesia in Japan: systematic review and meta-analysis

 

Total

(n = 316)

n (%)

Age at diagnosis < 18

(n = 92)

n (%)

Age at diagnosis ≥18

(n = 148)

n (%)

P value (chi-square test)

Gender

 Male

171 (54.1)

43 (46.7)

87 (58.8)

0.069

 Female

145 (45.9)

49 (53.3)

61 (41.2)

 

Age at diagnosis

  < 1 year old

24 (7.6)

24 (26.1)

–

–

 1–17 years old

68 (21.5)

68 (73.9)

–

–

  ≥ 18 years old

148 (46.8)

–

148 (100.0)

–

 NAa

76 (24.1)

–

–

–

Onset of respiratory symptoms

 Neonatal or infant

60 (19.0)

47 (51.1)

9 (6.1)

1.10E-15

 Childhood or adolescent

131 (41.5)

35 (38.0)

74 (50.0)

0.070

 Adult

28 (8.9)

–

21 (14.2)

–

 NA

97 (30.7)

10 (10.9)

44 (29.7)

6.69E-04

Reason for medical consultation

 Cough

90 (28.5)

31 (33.7)

56 (37.8)

0.516

 Dyspnea

64 (20.3)

28 (30.4)

33 (22.3)

0.159

 Fever

28 (8.9)

10 (10.9)

18 (12.2)

0.762

Infertility as complainta

 Male

24 (19.2)

–

–

–

 Female

1 (1.1)

–

–

–

 Hemoptysis

18 (5.7)

3 (3.3)

12 (8.1)

0.132

 Preoperative examination for other disease

21 (6.6)

6 (6.5)

7 (4.7)

0.551

 Chest x ray checkup without symptoms

8 (2.5)

4 (4.3)

4 (2.7)

0.490

Medical history

 Bronchial asthma

19 (6.0)

10 (10.9)

9 (6.1)

0.182

 Diffuse panbronchiolitis

8 (2.5)

0

5 (3.4)

0.075

 Pulmonary tuberculosis

8 (2.5)

0

8 (5.4)

0.023

 Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial infection

3 (0.9)

0

1 (0.7)

0.430

 Recurrent pneumonia

99 (31.3)

34 (37.0)

51 (34.5)

0.694

 Otitis media

62 (19.6)

17 (18.5)

27 (18.2)

0.964

 Congenital heart disease

8 (2.5)

8 (8.7)

0

2.64E-04

 Rhinosinusitis

246 (77.8)

53 (57.6)

127 (85.8)

9.31E-07

 Bronchiectasis

221 (69.9)

47 (51.1)

116 (78.4)

1.06E-05

 Chronic bronchitis

8 (2.5)

4 (4.3)

2 (1.4)

0.148

 Situs inversus

200 (63.3)

50 (54.3)

98 (66.2)

0.066

Family history

 PCD family history

26 (8.2)

8 (8.7)

14 (9.5)

0.842

 Consanguineous parents

15 (4.7)

2 (2.2)

12 (8.1)

0.057

Reproductive historyb

Spontaneous conception

 Male

8 (14.3)

–

–

–

 Female

11 (44.0)

–

–

–

Infertility as history

 Male

48 (85.7)

–

–

–

 Female

14 (56.0)

–

–

–

  1. NA (not available)
  2. aWhen a patient was suspected of having PCD and diagnosed, a doctor in charge published the case report, describing the patient’s age when the diagnosis was made. When this description was not found in the report, it was categorized as NA
  3. bInformation of infertility was available from 125 male and 94 female patients ≥18 at the visit to clinician. Reproductive history was available in 56 male and 25 female patients