Caffeine is associated with improved alveolarization and angiogenesis in male mice following hyperoxia induced lung injury

Table 2 Protein expression of selected angiogenic proteins and cytokines in the lung measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) in newborn mice exposed to hyperoxia (95%O₂) or room air and administered caffeine or saline

Protein	Room Air Saline Group (RAS)	Room Air Caffeine Group (RAC)	Hyperoxia Saline Group (HS)	Hyperoxia Caffeine Group (HC)
HIF & Angiogenic Proteins (ng or pg/mg protein)
Hif-1α (pg)	230 ± 25	215 ± 41	250 ± 40	253 ± 46
Hif-2α (ng)	0.232 ± 0.058	0.117 ± 0.008	0.274 ± 0.055	0.464 ± 0.159*
Hif-3α (pg)	6.96 ± 1.78	5.99 ± 0.51	7.60 ± 1.31	6.05 ± 0.78
VEGF (pg)	55.5 ± 16.1	64.6 ± 7.1	177.5 ± 52.8**	92.6 ± 16.4
Flt-1 (pg)	2297 ± 1026	1714 ± 85	3364 ± 1590	5866 ± 3086*
Ang-1 (ng)	522 ± 192	664 ± 72	258 ± 70†	455 ± 70
Cytokines
TNF-α (pg/μg protein)	0.350 ± 0.01	0.040 ± 0.01	0.043 ± 0.02	0.045 ± 0.01
INF-γ (pg/μg protein)	0.098 ± 0.04	0.109 ± 0.03	0.118 ± 0.04	0.134 ± 0.02
IL-6 (pg/μg protein)	0.065 ± 0.02	0.062 ± 0.01	0.081 ± 0.04	0.066 ± 0.01

HIF & angiogenic proteins are expressed in ng or pg/mg protein of the lung (n = 8 pups in each group)
Values expressed as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05 vs RAC & RAS groups, **p < 0.05 vs RAS, RAC & HC groups, †p < 0.05 vs RAS, RAC & HC groups; (Fisher’s post-hoc test, ANOVA). HIF-1α - Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α; HIF-2α - Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α; HIF-3α - Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-3α; VEGF - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; Flt-1: VEGF Receptor 1; Ang-1: Angiopoietin-1; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha; INF-γ: interferon gamma; IL-6: interleukin-6. HIF & angiogenic proteins are expressed as units/mg lung protein

ISSN: 1471-2466