Table 5 Determinants of pneumonia among 2–59 months old children in Debre Markos referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018 (n = 164 cases and164 controls)
Variables | Category | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age of child (months) | 2–11 | 4.34 (2.59, 7.55) | 2.35 (0.83, 6.71) |
> 11 to ≤ 23 | 2.64 (1.51, 4.63) | 1.76 (0.66, 4.71) | |
> 23 to 59 | 1 | 1 | |
Mother’s educational level | Can’t read and write | 3.71 (1.37, 10.02) | 7.16 (0.77, 66.75) |
Primary | 2.48 (0.88, 6.98) | 4.99 (0.66, 37.55) | |
Secondary | 4.56 (1.52, 13.30) | 2.49 (0.35, 17.75) | |
Diploma | 1.80 (0.61, 5.31) | 4.65 (0.68, 31.80) | |
Degree and above | 1 | 1 | |
Family member | ≤4 | 1 | 1 |
≥5 | 1.80 (1.16, 2.79) | 2.13 (0.93, 4.98) | |
Windows daily opening | Yes | 1 | 1 |
No | 27.31 (14.70, 50.70) | 6.15 (2.55, 14.83) | |
Mainly used cooking room | In the living room | 1.35 (0.54, 3.30) | 0.97 (0.19, 5.11) |
Attached to living room | 4.39 (2.38, 8.14) | 3.35 (0.96, 11.03) | |
Separate kitchen | 1 | 1 | |
Mostly child care giver | Parents | 1 | 1 |
House worker and relatives | 2.32 (1.33, 4.05) | 2.97 (1.11, 7.93) | |
Hand wash before child feeding | Only water | 4.12 (2.50, 6.80) | 3.81 (1.51, 9.66) |
Water and ash | 0.47 (0.13, 1.75) | 0.38 (0.03, 4.84) | |
Water and soap | 1 | 1 | |
Birth to 6 months breast feeding | Exclusive breast feeding | 1 | 1 |
Mixed | 13.50 (5.30, 25.10) | 7.62 (2.97, 19.55) | |
House near the street | Yes | 4.74 (2.54, 8.85) | 4.23 (1.56, 11.44) |
No | 1 | 1 | |
Vaccination appropriate for age | Yes | 1 | 1 |
No | 0.44 (0.21, 0.88) | 0.50 (0.08, 3.04) | |
URTI in the last 2 weeks | Yes | 17.36 (9.45, 31.80) | 5.33 (2.16, 13.19) |
No | 1 | 1 | |
Co-residence with URTI person | Yes | 28.8 (14.7, 56.73) | 6.20 (2.36, 16.15) |
No | 1 | 1 |