TY - JOUR AU - Wall, E. E. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - The stethoscope: celebration or cremation after 200 years? JO - Neth Heart J VL - 24 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-016-0826-6 DO - 10.1007/s12471-016-0826-6 ID - Wall2016 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Edelman, E. R. AU - Weber, B. N. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Tenuous tether JO - N Engl J Med VL - 373 UR - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1509625 DO - 10.1056/NEJMp1509625 ID - Edelman2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pasterkamp, H. PY - 2018 DA - 2018// TI - The highs and lows of wheezing: a review of the most popular adventitious lung sound JO - Pediatr Pulmonol VL - 53 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.23930 DO - 10.1002/ppul.23930 ID - Pasterkamp2018 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jacome, C. AU - Marques, A. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Computerized respiratory sounds in patients with COPD: a systematic review JO - COPD VL - 12 UR - https://doi.org/10.3109/15412555.2014.908832 DO - 10.3109/15412555.2014.908832 ID - Jacome2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bennett, S. AU - Bruton, A. AU - Barney, A. AU - Havelock, T. AU - Bennett, M. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - The relationship between crackle characteristics and airway morphology in COPD JO - Respir Care VL - 60 UR - https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.03543 DO - 10.4187/respcare.03543 ID - Bennett2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bohadana, A. AU - Izbicki, G. AU - Kraman, S. S. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Fundamentals of lung auscultation JO - N Engl J Med VL - 370 ID - Bohadana2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Barker, A. F. PY - 2002 DA - 2002// TI - Bronchiectasis JO - N Engl J Med VL - 346 UR - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra012519 DO - 10.1056/NEJMra012519 ID - Barker2002 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vyshedskiy, A. AU - Bezares, F. AU - Paciej, R. AU - Ebril, M. AU - Shane, J. AU - Murphy, R. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Transmission of crackles in patients with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, congestive heart failure, and pneumonia JO - Chest VL - 128 UR - https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.128.3.1468 DO - 10.1378/chest.128.3.1468 ID - Vyshedskiy2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moore, M. i. c. h. a. e. l. AU - Stuart, B. e. t. h. AU - Little, P. a. u. l. AU - Smith, S. u. e. AU - Thompson, M. a. t. t. h. e. w. J. AU - Knox, K. y. l. e. AU - van den Bruel, A. n. n. e. AU - Lown, M. a. r. k. AU - Mant, D. a. v. i. d. PY - 2017 DA - 2017// TI - Predictors of pneumonia in lower respiratory tract infections: 3C prospective cough complication cohort study JO - European Respiratory Journal VL - 50 UR - https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00434-2017 DO - 10.1183/13993003.00434-2017 ID - Moore2017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Murphy, R. L. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - In defense of the stethoscope JO - Respir Care VL - 53 ID - Murphy2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Norisue, Y. AU - Tokuda, Y. AU - Koizumi, M. AU - Kishaba, T. AU - Miyagi, S. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Phasic characteristics of inspiratory crackles of bacterial and atypical pneumonia JO - Postgrad Med J VL - 84 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.2007.067389 DO - 10.1136/pgmj.2007.067389 ID - Norisue2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jakobsen, K. A. AU - Melbye, H. AU - Kelly, M. J. AU - Ceynowa, C. AU - Molstad, S. AU - Hood, K. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Influence of CRP testing and clinical findings on antibiotic prescribing in adults presenting with acute cough in primary care JO - Scand J Prim Health Care VL - 28 UR - https://doi.org/10.3109/02813432.2010.506995 DO - 10.3109/02813432.2010.506995 ID - Jakobsen2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Strumilo, J. AU - Chlabicz, S. AU - Pytel-Krolczuk, B. AU - Marcinowicz, L. AU - Rogowska-Szadkowska, D. AU - Milewska, A. J. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - Combined assessment of clinical and patient factors on doctors' decisions to prescribe antibiotics JO - BMC Fam Pract VL - 17 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-016-0463-6 DO - 10.1186/s12875-016-0463-6 ID - Strumilo2016 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Turnbull, S. AU - Lucas, P. J. AU - Redmond, N. M. AU - Christensen, H. AU - Thornton, H. AU - Cabral, C. PY - 2018 DA - 2018// TI - What gives rise to clinician gut feeling, its influence on management decisions and its prognostic value for children with RTI in primary care: a prospective cohort study JO - BMC Fam Pract VL - 19 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-018-0716-7 DO - 10.1186/s12875-018-0716-7 ID - Turnbull2018 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Badgett, R. G. AU - Lucey, C. R. AU - Mulrow, C. D. PY - 1997 DA - 1997// TI - Can the clinical examination diagnose left-sided heart failure in adults? JO - JAMA VL - 277 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1997.03540450068038 DO - 10.1001/jama.1997.03540450068038 ID - Badgett1997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Holleman, D. R. AU - Simel, D. L. PY - 1995 DA - 1995// TI - Does the clinical examination predict airflow limitation? JO - JAMA VL - 273 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03520280059041 DO - 10.1001/jama.1995.03520280059041 ID - Holleman1995 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Metlay, J. P. AU - Kapoor, W. N. AU - Fine, M. J. PY - 1997 DA - 1997// TI - Does this patient have community-acquired pneumonia? Diagnosing pneumonia by history and physical examination JO - JAMA VL - 278 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1997.03550170070035 DO - 10.1001/jama.1997.03550170070035 ID - Metlay1997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Thacker, R. E. AU - Kraman, S. S. PY - 1982 DA - 1982// TI - The prevalence of auscultatory crackles in subjects without lung disease JO - Chest VL - 81 UR - https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.81.6.672 DO - 10.1378/chest.81.6.672 ID - Thacker1982 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Oliveira, A. AU - Marques, A. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Respiratory sounds in healthy people: a systematic review JO - Respir Med VL - 108 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2014.01.004 DO - 10.1016/j.rmed.2014.01.004 ID - Oliveira2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Workum, P. AU - Holford, S. K. AU - Delbono, E. A. AU - Murphy, R. L. PY - 1982 DA - 1982// TI - The prevalence and character of crackles (rales) in young women without significant lung disease JO - Am Rev Respir Dis VL - 126 ID - Workum1982 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Kostas, N. P. AU - Leontios, J. H. AU - Mark, L. E. PY - 2018 DA - 2018// TI - Breath sounds from basic science to clinical Pratice PB - Springer CY - Cham, Switzerland ID - Kostas2018 ER - TY - STD TI - UiT The Arctic University of Norway [Internet]. The Tromsø Study. 2019. [Cited 03 Aug 2019] Available from: http://tromsoundersokelsen.uit.no/tromso/. UR - http://tromsoundersokelsen.uit.no/tromso/ ID - ref22 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jacobsen, B. K. AU - Eggen, A. E. AU - Mathiesen, E. B. AU - Wilsgaard, T. AU - Njolstad, I. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Cohort profile: the Tromso study JO - Int J Epidemiol VL - 41 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyr049 DO - 10.1093/ije/dyr049 ID - Jacobsen2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mahler, D. A. AU - Wells, C. K. PY - 1988 DA - 1988// TI - Evaluation of clinical methods for rating dyspnea JO - Chest VL - 93 UR - https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.93.3.580 DO - 10.1378/chest.93.3.580 ID - Mahler1988 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Miller, M. R. AU - Hankinson, J. AU - Brusasco, V. AU - Burgos, F. AU - Casaburi, R. AU - Coates, A. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Standardisation of spirometry JO - Eur Respir J VL - 26 UR - https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.05.00034805 DO - 10.1183/09031936.05.00034805 ID - Miller2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Quanjer, P. H. AU - Stanojevic, S. AU - Cole, T. J. AU - Baur, X. AU - Hall, G. L. AU - Culver, B. H. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Multi-ethnic reference values for spirometry for the 3-95-yr age range: the global lung function 2012 equations JO - Eur Respir J VL - 40 UR - https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00080312 DO - 10.1183/09031936.00080312 ID - Quanjer2012 ER - TY - STD TI - Vanbelle S. Asymptotic variability of (multilevel) multirater kappa coefficients. Stat Methods Med Res. 2018;[Epub ahead of print. https://doi.org/10.1177/962280218794733. ID - ref27 ER - TY - STD TI - Statistics Norway [Internet]. Tromsø municipality facts (Age distribution per 1. januar 2018). 2018. [Cited 12 Jan 2018]. Available from: https://www.ssb.no/kommunefakta/tromso. UR - https://www.ssb.no/kommunefakta/tromso ID - ref28 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dalbak, L. G. AU - Straand, J. AU - Melbye, H. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Should pulse oximetry be included in GPs' assessment of patients with obstructive lung disease? JO - Scand J Prim Health Care VL - 33 UR - https://doi.org/10.3109/02813432.2015.1117283 DO - 10.3109/02813432.2015.1117283 ID - Dalbak2015 ER - TY - STD TI - Global Initiative for Prevention Diagnosis and Management of COPD (2018). Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 2018 [Online] Available from: https://goldcopd.org/gold-reports/ . [Accessed 03 Aug. 2019]. UR - https://goldcopd.org/gold-reports/ ID - ref30 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Xavier Robin, N. T. AU - Hainard, A. AU - Tiberti, N. AU - Lisacek, F. AU - Sanchez, J. -. C. AU - Müller, M. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - pROC: an open-source package for R and S+ to analyze and compare ROC curves JO - BMC Bioinformatics VL - 12 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-12-77 DO - 10.1186/1471-2105-12-77 ID - Xavier Robin2011 ER - TY - STD TI - Fox J, Weisberg S. An {R} companion to applied regression. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, California, USA: SAGE Publications; 2011. ID - ref32 ER - TY - STD TI - R Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2016. ID - ref33 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kiyokawa, H. AU - Greenberg, M. AU - Shirota, K. AU - Pasterkamp, H. PY - 2001 DA - 2001// TI - Auditory detection of simulated crackles in breath sounds JO - Chest VL - 119 UR - https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.119.6.1886 DO - 10.1378/chest.119.6.1886 ID - Kiyokawa2001 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kataoka, H. AU - Matsuno, O. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Age-related pulmonary crackles (rales) in asymptomatic cardiovascular patients JO - Ann Fam Med VL - 6 UR - https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.834 DO - 10.1370/afm.834 ID - Kataoka2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Murphy, R. L. AU - Gaensler, E. A. AU - Holford, S. K. AU - Bono, E. A. AU - Epler, G. PY - 1984 DA - 1984// TI - Crackles in the early detection of asbestosis JO - Am Rev Respir Dis VL - 129 ID - Murphy1984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Janssens, J. P. AU - Pache, J. C. AU - Nicod, L. P. PY - 1999 DA - 1999// TI - Physiological changes in respiratory function associated with ageing JO - Eur Respir J VL - 13 UR - https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.99.14614549 DO - 10.1183/09031936.99.14614549 ID - Janssens1999 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilsher, M. AU - Voight, L. AU - Milne, D. AU - Teh, M. AU - Good, N. AU - Kolbe, J. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Prevalence of airway and parenchymal abnormalities in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis JO - Respir Med VL - 106 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2012.06.020 DO - 10.1016/j.rmed.2012.06.020 ID - Wilsher2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - van Riet, E. v. e. l. i. e. n. E. S. AU - Hoes, A. r. n. o. W. AU - Limburg, A. l. e. x. a. n. d. e. r. AU - Landman, M. a. r. c. e. l. A. J. AU - van der Hoeven, H. e. n. k. AU - Rutten, F. r. a. n. s. H. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Prevalence of unrecognized heart failure in older persons with shortness of breath on exertion JO - European Journal of Heart Failure VL - 16 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.110 DO - 10.1002/ejhf.110 ID - van Riet2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vugt, S. F. AU - Verheij, T. J. AU - Jong, P. A. AU - Butler, C. C. AU - Hood, K. AU - Coenen, S. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Diagnosing pneumonia in patients with acute cough: clinical judgment compared to chest radiography JO - Eur Respir J VL - 42 UR - https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00111012 DO - 10.1183/09031936.00111012 ID - Vugt2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Arathimos, R. AU - Granell, R. AU - Henderson, J. AU - Relton, C. L. AU - Tilling, K. PY - 2017 DA - 2017// TI - Sex discordance in asthma and wheeze prevalence in two longitudinal cohorts JO - PLoS One VL - 12 UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176293 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0176293 ID - Arathimos2017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mandhane, P. J. AU - Greene, J. M. AU - Cowan, J. O. AU - Taylor, D. R. AU - Sears, M. R. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Sex differences in factors associated with childhood- and adolescent-onset wheeze JO - Am J Respir Crit Care Med VL - 172 UR - https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200412-1738OC DO - 10.1164/rccm.200412-1738OC ID - Mandhane2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fu, L. AU - Freishtat, R. J. AU - Gordish-Dressman, H. AU - Teach, S. J. AU - Resca, L. AU - Hoffman, E. P. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Natural progression of childhood asthma symptoms and strong influence of sex and puberty JO - Ann Am Thorac Soc VL - 11 UR - https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201402-084OC DO - 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201402-084OC ID - Fu2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vyshedskiy, A. AU - Alhashem, R. M. AU - Paciej, R. AU - Ebril, M. AU - Rudman, I. AU - Fredberg, J. J. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Mechanism of inspiratory and expiratory crackles JO - Chest VL - 135 UR - https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.07-1562 DO - 10.1378/chest.07-1562 ID - Vyshedskiy2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Olson, A. m. y. L. AU - Gifford, A. l. e. x. H. AU - Inase, N. a. o. h. i. k. o. AU - Fernández Pérez, E. v. a. n. s. R. AU - Suda, T. a. k. a. f. u. m. i. PY - 2018 DA - 2018// TI - The epidemiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial lung diseases at risk of a progressive-fibrosing phenotype JO - European Respiratory Review VL - 27 UR - https://doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0077-2018 DO - 10.1183/16000617.0077-2018 ID - Olson2018 ER - TY - JOUR AU - O'Donnell, A. E. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// JO - Bronchiectasis Chest VL - 134 UR - https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-0776 DO - 10.1378/chest.08-0776 ID - O'Donnell2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aviles-Solis, J. C. AU - Vanbelle, S. AU - Halvorsen, P. A. AU - Francis, N. AU - Cals, J. W. L. AU - Andreeva, E. A. PY - 2017 DA - 2017// TI - International perception of lung sounds: a comparison of classification across some European borders JO - BMJ Open Respir Res VL - 4 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2017-000250 DO - 10.1136/bmjresp-2017-000250 ID - Aviles-Solis2017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kraemer, H. C. AU - Bloch, D. A. PY - 1988 DA - 1988// TI - Kappa coefficients in epidemiology: an appraisal of a reappraisal JO - J Clin Epidemiol VL - 41 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/0895-4356(88)90032-7 DO - 10.1016/0895-4356(88)90032-7 ID - Kraemer1988 ER -